Aspergillus niger is a common clinical isolate. Multiple species comprise the Aspergillus section Nigri and are separable using sequence data. The antifungal susceptibility of these cryptic species is not known. We determined the azole MICs of 50 black aspergilli, 45 from clinical specimens, using modified EUCAST (mEUCAST) and Etest methods. Phylogenetic trees were prepared using the internal t...

A critical risk to the continued success of antifungal chemotherapy is the acquisition of resistance; a risk exacerbated by the few classes of effective antifungal drugs. Predictably, as the use of these drugs increases in the clinic, more resistant organisms can be isolated from patients. A particularly problematic form of drug resistance that routinely emerges in the major fungal pathogens is...

Azole drugs selectively target fungal sterol biosynthesis and are critical to our antifungal therapeutic arsenal. However, resistance to this class of drugs, particularly in the major human mould pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus, is emerging and reaching levels that have prompted some to suggest that there is a realistic probability that they will be lost for clinical use. The dominating class of...

OBJECTIVES To determine the MIC distributions of itraconazole, voriconazole and posaconazole and non-azole drugs for wild-type cyp51A, as well as TR(34)/L98H and TR(46)/Y121F/T289A cyp51A mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus. METHODS We retrieved MIC and cyp51A sequence data for 952 clinical A. fumigatus strains isolated in or referred to our reference laboratory, during the January 2010 to Decem...

Antifungal azoles (e.g., fluconazole) are widely used for prophylaxis or treatment of Candida albicans infections in immunocompromised individuals, such as those with AIDS. These individuals are frequently treated with a variety of additional antimicrobial agents. Potential interactions between three azoles and 16 unrelated drugs (antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiprotozoal agents) ...

The Antifungal Susceptibility Testing method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial (EUCAST-AFST) is a reference technique for determination Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) antifungals Aspergillus fumigatus. However, it time-consuming and requires expertise. Micronaut-AM (M-AM) fast, simple, time-saving, ready-to-use new colorimetric using an indicator (resazurin) to facilitate visua...

Aspergillus fumigatus causes varied clinical syndromes ranging from colonization to deep infections. The mainstay of therapy of Aspergillus diseases is triazoles but several studies globally highlighted variable prevalence of triazole resistance, which hampers the management of aspergillosis. We studied the prevalence of resistance in clinical A. fumigatus isolates during 4 years in a referral ...

Biofilms of Candida albicans are less susceptible to many antifungal drugs than are planktonic yeast cells. We investigated the contribution of cell density to biofilm phenotypic resistance. Planktonic yeast cells in RPMI 1640 were susceptible to azole-class drugs, amphotericin B, and caspofungin at 1 x 10(3) cells/ml (standard conditions) using the XTT [2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)...

Abstract The International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2013) and almost the entire scientific community agreed to consider Mediterranean Area as one of most vulnerable regions in world impacts global warming. In this scenario, heat waves, defined by World Meteorological Organization five or more consecutive days reaching a daily maximum temperature at least 5 °C higher than average temperatu...