in the present study, the effects of caerulein and cck receptor antagonist< on tolerance to the anti-pentylenetetrazol activity of diazepam has been studied. different doses of diazepam (20, 30, 35, 40 and 50 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally for a period of 6 days in order to induce tolerance to diazepam. 48 h after the last dose of diazepam, a test dose of diazepam was tested for ant...

background: the basal medium that supports isolated mouse oviduct (imo) is important for supporting embryo development and quality. methods: the culture of ovine ivm/ivf zygotes was done in imo using sofaacibsa and sofaabsa as basal medium of imo and in sofaabsa alone as control. for preparation of imo mature inbred strain c57bl/6 female mice were synchronized and mated with vasectomized males....

cd8+ t cells are thought to play an important role in protective immunity to tuberculosis. the major histocompatibility complex class i subtype hla-a*0201 is one of the most prevalent class i alleles, with a frequency of over 30% in most populations. hla-a*0201 transgenic, h-2db/mouse beta2-microglobulin double-knockout mice (hhd) which express human hla-a*0201 but no mouse class i, was shown t...

background: nowadays, magnetic nanoparticles (mnps) have received much attention because of their enormous potentials in many fields such as magnetic fluid hyperthermia (mfh). the goal of hyperthermia is to increase the temperature of malignant cells to destroy them without any lethal effect on normal tissues. to investigate the effectiveness of cancer therapy by magnetic fluid hyperthermia, fe...

objective(s) carbamazepine (cbz) is an antiepileptic drug that is used widely for the treatment of epileptic seizures. neural tube defects (ntds), growth retardation, and nail hypoplasia are the most common features of teratogenic effects of this drug. the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of vitamin b6 on the developmental toxicity of cbz on mice. materials and methods sixty balb...

objective(s) quinazolinones are heterocyclic compounds, with biological and pharmacological activities, such as inhibiting some proteins, enzymes and reducing blood lipids. materials and methods following previous results of our group, effects of two new derivatives of quinazolinones 9(3)-quinazolinone-2-propyl-2-phenylethyl (qppe) and 9(3)-quinazolinone-2-ethyl-2-phenylethyl (qepe) on livers, ...

objective(s): evaluation of the sophora alopecuroides var. alopecuroides seed effects on morphine withdrawal syndrome in mice and determination of the alkaloid composition of the seed total extract. materials and methods:the effects of the seed total extract, alkaloid fraction and major compound matrine on the mice morphine withdrawal syndrome were compared to saline and methadone.mice were mad...

background: the coccidian protozoa toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite of humans and other warm-blooded animals. diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is of considerable medical importance for human, especially pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals. the apply of an escherichia coli recombinant antigen(s) would be significantly useful in developing standardization of the diag...

enhanced immune cell trafficking into the central nervous system (cns) and disruption of the blood brain barrier are pathophysiological hallmarks of neuroinflammatory disorders like multiple sclerosis (ms) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae). however, recent studies suggest that the coagulation and the contact-kinin system might also be involved in ms developme...

background: several adjuvants have been evaluated for vaccine formulations but alu-minum salts will continue to be used for many years due to their safety, low cost and adjuvanticity with different antigens. two commonly used aluminum adjuvants, alumi-num hydroxide and aluminum phosphate have different adjuvanticity properties. com-mercial recombinant protein hepatitis b vaccines containing alu...