Image-model coupling: application to an ionospheric storm N.D. Smith1,*, D. Pokhotelov2, C.N. Mitchell2, and C.J. Budd1 1Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Bath, U.K., BA2 7AY 2Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, U.K., BA2 7AY *Completed while with the Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Bath Correspondence to: ...

Irreversible processes such as solvation, energy transfer, and chemical binding have received renewed interest in recent years. Because these processes involve large systems with many degrees of freedom, the typical approach to studying these processes is the open quantum systems formalism, in which the degrees of freedom are partitioned into a system of interest and a bath held at thermal equi...

We extend a standard stochastic theory to study open quantum systems coupled to a generic quantum environment. We exemplify the general framework by studying a two-level quantum system coupled bilinearly to the three fundamental classes of non-interacting particles: bosons, fermions, and spins. In this unified stochastic approach, the generalized stochastic Liouville equation (SLE) formally cap...

When a system is thermally coupled to only small part of larger bath, statistical fluctuations the temperature (more precisely, internal energy) this ``sub-bath'' around mean defined by bath can become significant. We show that these generally give rise $1/f$-like noise power spectral density from even single two-level system. extend results distribution fluctuators, finding corresponding modif...