The role of black carbon (BC) aerosols in climate change is important because of its strong capability in causing extinction of solar radiation. A three-dimensional interactive aerosol-climate model has been used to study the climatic impact of BC. The interannual variations of BC solar forcing derived from 20-year transient integrations are up to 4 times as large as the means mainly related to...

The present paper investigates the essentialist perception of social categories and differentiates it from two closely related concepts, namely entitativity and natural kind-ness. We argued that lay perceptions of social categories vary along three dimensions: natural kind-ness, entitativity, and essentialism. Depending on whether membership in social categories is forced or chosen, people deve...

Deficiency of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)/interleukin-3 (IL-3)/IL-5 receptors common b chain (bc) is a cause of fatal respiratory failure. bc deficiency manifests as pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). PAP has heterogenous etiologies that may be genetic or aquired. Some cases of PAP have been reported to be associated with hematologic malignancies such as acu...

We have derived ambient black carbon (BC) concentrations and estimated emission factors for on-road diesel vehicles from archived coefficient of haze (COH) data that was routinely collected beginning in 1967 at 11 locations in the San Francisco Bay Area. COH values are a measure of the attenuation of light by particles collected on a white filter, and available data indicate they are proportion...

PURPOSE To assess breast cancer (BC) risk after Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and compare characteristics, risk of second BC, and prognosis of patients with these BCs with patients with first primary BC. PATIENTS AND METHODS We considered all 9,620 women with HL recorded in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results dataset in 1973-2007. We calculated age-period standardized incidence ratios of...

The stability of biomass-derived black carbon (BC) or biochar as a slow cycling pool in the global C cycle is an important property and is likely governed by environmental conditions. This study investigated the effects of water regimes (saturated, unsaturated and alternating saturated–unsaturated conditions) and differences in BC materials, produced by carbonizing corn residues and oak wood at...

L-carnitine is absorbed in the intestinal tract via the carnitine transporter OCTN2 and the amino acid transporter ATB(0,+). Loss-of-function mutations in OCTN2 may be associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), suggesting a role for carnitine in intestinal/colonic health. In contrast, ATB(0,+) is upregulated in bowel inflammation. Butyrate, a bacterial fermentation product, is beneficial...

AIM To explore the interaction between bladder compliance (BC) and bladder outflow obstruction (BOO) in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. METHODS A total of 181 men with BPH were recruited, and 100 of them were followed for one year. Cystometry was performed in a standing or a sitting position with 30 mL/min infusion. BC was manually c...

Patricia Janssen, PhD1-4*, Farah Shroff, PhD1,2, Paula Jaspar, RMT5. 1 School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada 2 Department of Family Practice, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada 3 Department of Obstetrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada 4 Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada 5 ...

Water soluble beta-carotene (WS-BC) is a carotenoid form that has been developed as a food colorant. WS-BC is known to contain 10% of all-trans beta-carotene (AT-BC). The aim of the present study was to investigate in vivo tissue uptake of AT-BC after the administration of WS-BC into rats. Seven-week-old male rats were administered 20 mg of WS-BC dissolved in saline by intravenous injection int...