citicoline is a natural substance with neuroprotective and repairing effects. it can also increase the phosphor metabolites in cerebral cortex. regarding the various effects of citicoline on central nervous system, this research aims at studying the effects of citicoline on the thiopental sodium anesthesia. six dogs were anesthetized by intravenous injection of 20 mg ∕ kg of 2.5% thiopental sod...

objective studies on the effect of various antiepileptic drugs on serum lipids show contradictory results. we aimed to find the effect of phenobarbital and sodium valproate monotherapy on serum lipid profile and liver function tests in epileptic children. materials & methods this cohort study was conducted in amirkola children hospital. one hundred and ten children with epilepsy were included i...

a simple and efficient one-pot method for the preparation of aromatic iodides has been developed by sequential diazotization–iodination of aromatic amines employing sodium nitrite and sodium iodide in the presence of acidic ionic liquid n-methyl-2-pyrrolidonum hydrosulfate ([h-nmp]hso4). the diazonium salts that are formed by this ionic liquid are stable at room temperature and react rapidly wi...

thiopental sodium is an ultra short-acting barbiturate. due to its redistribution characteristic, its first injection has a short term effect. in order to elongate its anesthesia duration, more injections are needed. as these additional injections extend the recovery length , weaken respiration and causes other dangerous effects; its repeated use is considered unsafe. citicoline is a natural su...

Levels of sodium pump and of sodium channels were measured at different stages of membrane purification. Microsomal fractions of normal human muscle have maximal binding capacities for tetrodotoxin of 230 fmol/mg of protein and of 7.4 pmol/mg of protein for ouabain. Dissociation constant for the complexes formed by the tetrodotoxin derivative and by ouabain with their respective receptors were ...