Abstract Background To date, no genetic analysis of inherited retinal disease (IRD) using whole-exome sequencing (WES) has been conducted in a large-scale Korean cohort. The aim this study was to characterise the profile IRD patients Korea WES. Methods We performed comprehensive molecular testing 168 unrelated potential pathogenicity candidate variants assessed American College Medical Genetics...

Macular disease is one of the main causes of visual impairment. We studied the efficacy of low-vision rehabilitation by means of MP-1 biofeedback examination in patients with different macular disease. Five patients were enrolled (3 female and 2 male, mean age 53.8 years) and a total of 9 eyes was examined: 2 eyes with vitelliform dystrophy, 1 with a post-traumatic macular scar, 2 with Stargard...

BACKGROUND In 2014, Pang et al. reported three cases with vitelliform submaculopathy as a preceding lesion of primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL). Here, we report a case with an atypical presentation of PIOL who initially presented with vitelliform submaculopathy, vitreous haze and preripheral retinal focus. CASE PRESENTATION A 73-year-old female initially visited another hospital with a chie...

OBJECTIVE To assess the improvement of knowledge and skills of trauma management among participant of Primary Trauma Care (PTC) workshop. METHODS A two days Primary Trauma Care (PTC) provider workshop was organized at Dow International Medical College, Karachi - Pakistan on March 5(th) and 6th 2011. Participant's knowledge was assessed by 30 Best Choice Questions (BCQs) and their trauma manag...

We retrospectively reviewed the records of 142 eyes of 138 patients with idiopathic full-thickness macular hole. Spontaneous closure of idiopathic full-thickness macular hole was observed in five eyes (3.5%) of four patients before the planned vitrectomy. In the era when surgical treatment was not available for macular hole, the rate of spontaneous closure of idiopathic full-thickness macular h...

Macular hole surgery is very demand surgery performed due to fullthickness macular rupture characterized by abscence of all retinal layers. Indications for surgery includes stages 3 and 4 regarding to Gass classification. Some authors sugest surgery for stage 2 but results are promissing only in anatomical reconstruction. Complications are evident such as cataract, late macular reopening, retin...

The Annual Crop Planning (ACP) problem was a recently introduced problem in the literature. This study further expounds on this problem by presenting a new mathematical formulation, which is based on market economic factors. To determine solutions, a new local search metaheuristic algorithm is investigated which is called the enhanced Best Performance Algorithm (eBPA). eBPA's results are compar...