Bi-level programming techniques are developed to handle decentralized problems with two-level decision makers, leaders and followers, who may have more than one objective to achieve. This paper proposes a λ-cut and goal programming based algorithm to solve fuzzy linear multiple objective bi-level (FLMOB) decision problems. First, based on the definition of a distance measure between two fuzzy v...

A frequently-used layout for a collection of two-dimensional, fixed aspect-ratio objects, such as photo thumbnails, is the grid, in which rows and columns are configured to match the allowed space. However, in cases where these objects have some group relationship among them, it can be advantageous to show this relationship in the layout, rather than in textual captions. W e use an annotated di...

The Bi–In–Sn–Zn system is an important alloy system in lead-free soldering. Thermodynamic descriptions for the ternary systems Bi–In–Sn, Bi–In–Zn, Bi–Sn–Zn and In–Sn–Zn are optimized, using the CALPHAD method and combined to obtain a description of the quaternary Bi–In–Sn–Zn. All available experimental data from the literature are taken into consideration in the optimization. Calculated liquidi...

Demand response (DR) is counted as an effective method when there is a large-capacity power shortage in the power system, which may lead to peak loads or a rapid ramp. This paper proposes a bi-level coordinated optimization strategy by quantitating the DR potential (DRP) of smart appliances to descend the steep ramp and balance the power energy. Based on dynamic characteristics of the smart app...

This paper presents a meta-objective optimization approach, called Bi-Goal Evolution (BiGE), to deal with multi-objective optimization problems with many objectives. In multi-objective optimization, it is generally observed that 1) the conflict between proximity and diversity requirements is aggravated with the increase of the number of objectives and 2) the Pareto dominance loses its effective...

Significance of Optimization can’t be merely described with words for system design and engineering application. Optimizing for multidisciplinary problems, where two or more disciplines may interact to reach a consistent solution at a single design point has been focus the research since past decade. Recent developments in multidisciplinary optimization has facilitated in boosting accuracy and ...

root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.) are among the most important groups of plant-parasitic nematodes, causing damage and yield losses to most cultivated plants. the bacterium pseudomonas fluorescens cha0 and the fungus trichoderma harzianum bi were investigated for biological control capability and systemic induction of resistance against the nematode m. javanica under glasshouse conditions....

Bi-level decision-making techniques aim to deal with decentralized management problems that feature interactive decision entities distributed throughout a bi-level hierarchy. A challenge in handling bi-level decision problems is that various uncertainties naturally appear in decision-making process. Significant efforts have been devoted that fuzzy set techniques can be used to effectively deal ...

Sustainable supply chain management has been an increasingly important topic of research in recent years. At the strategic level, there are computational models which study supply and distribution networks with environmental considerations. At the operational level, there are, for example, routing and scheduling models which are constrained by carbon emissions. Our paper explores work in tactic...

A challenging class of problems arising in many GPU applications, called batched problems, involves linear algebra operations on many small-sized matrices. We designed batched BLAS (Basic Linear Algebra Subroutines) routines, and in particular the Level-2 BLAS GEMV and the Level-3 BLAS GEMM routines, to solve them. We proposed device functions and big-tile settings in our batched BLAS design. W...