The antitumor agents 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazenyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide (DIC) and 5-[3,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-triazenyl]imidazole-4-carboxamide (BIC) are substrates for NADPH-requiring microsomal enzymes of mouse liver. The products of DIC oxidation are 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide (AIC) and formaldehyde. Those for BIC are AIC and, presumably, 2-chloroacetaldehyde. For DIC, the reaction has ...

In spite of being a common method for estimating the model parameters, Maximum Likelihood (ML) may give bias results small sample sizes. To overcome this problem, Bayesian is usually utilized to obtain estimates parameters as an alternative ML method. study, real data set was analyzed by using binary logistic regression model. Parameters were estimated and methods. Modeling performance logistic...

Learning visual context is a critical step of dynamic scene modelling. This paper addresses the problem of choosing the most suitable probabilistic model selection criterion for learning visual context of a dynamic scene. A Completed Likelihood Akaike’s Information Criterion (CL-AIC) is formulated to estimate the optimal model order (complexity) for a given visual scene. CL-AIC is designed to o...

Abstract This study is to evaluate the performance of fully Bayesian information criteria, namely, LOO, WAIC and WBIC in terms accuracy determining number latent classes a mixture IRT model while comparing it conventional via non-random walk MCMC algorithms further compare their with criteria including AIC, BIC, CAIC, SABIC, DIC. Monte Carlo simulations were carried out these under different si...

The Croton urucurana Baill species is known in Brazil as “sangra d’água” and popular due to its medicinal properties. For better processing of herbal medicines, it essential that efficient drying storage techniques are developed compounds preserved. Therefore, this study aimed select models through multivariate cluster analysis applying Akaike (AIC) Bayesian information criteria (BIC) describe ...

The small-n-large-P situation has become common in genetics research, medical studies, risk management, and other fields. Feature selection is crucial in these studies yet poses a serious challenge. The traditional criteria such as AIC, BIC, and crossvalidation choose too many features. To overcome the difficulties caused by the small-n-large-P situation, Chen and Chen (2008) developed a family...

Abstract High order discrete Markov chain is essential to analyze the dependency structure of data sets. To apply correctly, even though true an unknown parameter, statisticians have developed multiple estimators. It natural identify strongest estimators under different parameter combinations. Aim for evaluating performance estimators, we study four them in this paper: Akaike information criter...

AIM To establish an image analysis procedure for measuring the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) by a systematic non-subjective approach based on backscattered scanning electron microscopy (BS-SEM) images. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 36 dental implants (9 mm length, Ø 4.0 mm with a SBM surface) were implanted in six beagle dog mandibles. The implants were removed after 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks...

The study was conducted to evaluate and compare the effects of feed additives on ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility and performance of lambs fed diets containing 60% wet brewers grains (WBG). In Experiment 1, two simultaneous trials were conducted. Fifty intact (20.2±0.8 kg BW) lambs were used in a feedlot trial and 10 (rumen cannulated; 32±1 kg BW) in a digestion trial. The pH, volat...

Background—Bovine immunoglobulin concentrate (BIC)-Clostridium diYcile is prepared from the colostrum of cows immunised against C diYcile toxins and contains high concentrations of neutralising IgG antitoxin. Aims—To determine the proportion of BIC-C diYcile which survives passage through the human stomach and small intestine. Methods—Six volunteers with an end ileostomy took 5 g of BIC-C diYci...