Removal efficiency of COD, NH4-N and PO4-P and NO3-N in five step SBR processes is widely influenced by hydraulic retention time of Anaerobic/Anoxic/Aerobic/Anoxic/Aerobic step of this system where the hydraulic retention time in each step is influence directly on removal efficiency of this system therefore the operator of this system cannot control on this system without experience or a contro...

In aquatic environments, eutrophication causes algal blooms, oxygen depletion, increase in undesired vegetation, loss of plant beds, fish, coral reef and other species. Eventually, the water bodies become unavailable to utilize for agricultural, recreational, industrial and drinking purposes. Discharge of domestic sewage introducing high levels of nutrients to water bodies is one of the main ca...

The equilibrium optimizer (EO) is a novel physics-based meta-heuristic optimization algorithm that inspired by estimating dynamics and states in controlled volume mass balance models. As stochastic algorithm, EO inevitably produces duplicated solutions, which wasteful of valuable evaluation opportunities. In addition, an excessive number solutions can increase the risk getting trapped local opt...

Floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) are widely used in surface water. The nutrient removal performance depends on both physical processes and chemical/biological transformations FTWs. However, research describing the coupling of hydrodynamic water quality system remains limited. Therefore, a coupled three-dimensional model for FTWs was developed based Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC). Ad...

Growing travel and trade threatens biodiversity as it increases the rate of biological invasions globally, either by accidental or intentional introduction. Therefore, avoiding these impacts by forecasting invasions and impeding further spread is of utmost importance. In this study, three forecasting approaches were tested and combined to predict the invasive behaviour of the alien macrophyte L...

The usefulness of composting, heat drying, and alkaline stabilization treatment processes to destroy infectious microorganisms contained in solid manure and biosolids in general is well known. However, little is known about rates of pathogen reduction during treatment of liquid manure and livestock wastewater effluents. We evaluated pathogen reduction in liquid swine manure in a multistage syst...

Abstract: Co-cultivation of microalgae and microbes for pollutant removal from sewage is considered as an effective wastewater treatment method. The aim of this study is to screen the optimal photoperiod, light intensity and microalgae co-cultivation method for simultaneously removing nutrients in biogas slurry and capturing CO₂ in biogas. The microalgae-fungi pellets are deemed to be a viable ...