This article presents the use of a microstrip dual resonator for nondestructive permittivity characterization of a ferroelectric thin film at microwave frequencies. The dual-resonator measurement fixture consists mainly of two capacitively coupled microstrip resonators, with the ferroelectric thin film covering the gap between the two resonators. The dielectric constant and loss tangent of the ...

Thin film solar cells benefit significantly from the enhanced light trapping offered by photonic nanostructures. The thin film is typically patterned on one side only due to technological constraints. The ability to independently pattern both sides of the thin film increases the degrees of freedom available to the designer, as different functions can be combined, such as the reduction of surfac...

Proton transport properties of a partially protonated poly(aspartic acid)/sodium polyaspartate (PAsp) were investigated. A remarkable enhancement of proton conductivity has been achieved by a highly oriented structure in the thin film. Proton conductivity of 60-nm-thick thin film prepared on MgO(100) substrate was 3.4  10 S cm at 298K. The electrical conductivity of the oriented thin film was ...

Due to their small size, extremely fast response, and low cost, refractory metallic thin film thermocouples (TFTCs) are well suited for the surface temperature measurement of hot components. In this study, PtRh films with different amounts of Rhodium (10% and 13%) were deposited with direct current magnetron sputtering and annealed at different temperatures in air. The chemistry, microstructure...

Preparation of a glyoxylic acid copper complex and fabrication of fine copper wire by CO2 laser irradiation in air to a thin film of that complex have been investigated. Irradiating laser to the complex thin film spin-coated on a glass substrate, thin film of metallic copper was fabricated in areas that were subjected to laser irradiation in air. The thickness of this thin copper film was appro...

We present a new two-step white-light spectral interferometric technique to measure a nonlinear phase function of a thin-film structure. The technique is based on recording of channeled spectra at the output of a Michelson interferometer and their processing by using a windowed Fourier transform to retrieve the phase functions. First, the phase function including the effect of a thin-film struc...

the main problemswith the use of fossil fuels is the restrictions on their access and the detrimental consequences of their use which causes a threat to human health and quality of life. consequently, the use of other energy sources has become necessary. renewable energy as a permanent and clean energy source is an answer to this problem. one such energy source includes photovoltaic solar energ...

zno thin film of 80 nm thickness was deposited by the sol-gel spin coating method on sio2/si substrate and subsequently post-annealed at 500°c with a flow of oxygen for 60 min. crystallographic structure of the sample was characterized by x-ray diffraction (xrd) method while a field emission scanning electron microscope (fesem) was used to investigate the surface physical morphology and chemica...

tungsten trioxide (wo3) films have been coated on indium thin oxide (ito) conductive glass substrate, using aqueous solution of peroxotungstic acid (pta) by the sol-gel dip coating method. x-ray diffractometery (xrd) analysis confirmed monoclinic and triclinic structure for the film and powdered wo3 respectively. fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (ft-ir) exhibited the structure of peroxo...

There has been much interest in developing a thin-film solar cell because it is lightweight and flexible. The GaAs thin-film solar cell is a top contender in the thin-film solar cell market in that it has a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) compared to that of other thin-film solar cells. There are two common structures for the GaAs solar cell: n (emitter)-on-p (base) and p-on-n. The forme...