Signaling by bone morphogenetic proteins is essential for a wide variety of developmental processes. Receptor-regulated Smad proteins, Smads 1 and 5, are intracellular mediators of bone morphogenetic protein signaling. Together with Smad4, these proteins translocate to the nucleus and modulate transcription by binding to specific sequences on the promoters of target genes. We sought to map tran...

BACKGROUND We recently showed that bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) is overexpressed in primary breast tumors. Here we explored the clinical significance of BMP7 expression in breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 483 breast cancer patients with complete clinicopathological information and up to 15 years of follow-up. Samples contained 241 lobular carcinomas, 242 ductal ...

Introduction Bone morphogenetic protein-2 and -7 are FDA-approved for use in acute open tibia fractures and nonunions, respectively. However, off-label use of these agents is common and there continues to be much debate regarding their effectiveness. The aim of this study was to systematically review, for acute fractures and nonunions, the association between BMPs and bone healing (nonunion, he...

A 12-year-old castrated Toy Poodle was referred to the Kangwon National University Animal Hospital with an oligotrophic nonunion fracture in the distal 1/3 of the left radius and an intact ulna. After fixation by a locking plate and screws, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem-cell sheets expressing bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7) were transplanted to the fracture site to enhance the healing a...