Bone Marrow mesenchymal stem cells can be induced to differentiate into osteoblasts to regenerate damaged bone tissue using tissue engineering techniques. In this study, we examine the use of chitosan scaffolds with double pore structure prepared by an innovative method that combines freeze gelation (that produces micropores) and particle leaching out technique (that produces interconnected sph...

Critical size bone defects due to trauma or disease are very difficult to repair via the natural growth of the host bone. Therefore, these defects must be filled with a bridging material (scaffold), which should also, in combination with relevant cells and signalling molecules, promote the regeneration of new bone tissue. In this context, bone regeneration is one of the most attractive areas in...

Many different types of scaffold materials have been used for tissue engineering applications, and hydrogels form one group of materials that have been used in a wide variety of applications. Hydrogels are hydrophilic polymer networks and they represent an important class of biomaterials in biotechnology and medicine because many hydrogels exhibit excellent biocompatibility with minimal inflamm...

Tissue engineering is used for regenerating bioartificial tissues using suitable cells and biocompatible scaffold materials. The present study aims to prepare poly (lactic acid) (PLA) nanoparticles as an extracellular matrix use in bone tissue engineering. For this purpose, the stem originating from human umbilical cord were extracted their adhesion, growth, osteoblastic differentiation on PLA ...

Controllability of scaffold architecture is essential to meet specific criteria for bone tissue engineering implants, including adequate porosity, interconnectivity, and mechanical properties to promote bone growth. Many current scaffold manufacturing techniques induce random porosity in bulk materials, requiring high porosities (>95%) to guarantee complete interconnectivity, but the high poros...

The first stem cells considered for the reconstruction of bone were bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Subsequently, cells with similar marker expression panel and differentiation potential were found in new sources of cells, such as adipose tissue. This source of stem cells has a promising future in tissue-engineering applications, considering the abundance of this tissue in the human...

The goal of this study was to investigate if the preparation of implantation site affects bone formation inside tissue engineering scaffolds. For this purpose, two different drilling techniques were used to create a hole in distal femurs of rats before the insertion of a bone scaffold: a manually driven wood drill bit and an electrically driven metal drill bit. The size and the position of the ...

This paper overviews the present status on therapy of regenerative medicine which is based on tissue engineering. Tissue engineering is a biomedical form which enables cells to promote their proliferation and differentiation, resulting in induction of tissue regeneration. The scaffold of 3-dimensional porous material for cells with or without the controlled release system of growth factor is ap...

The repair of large bone defects remains a major clinical orthopaedic challenge. Bone is a highly vascularised tissue reliant on the close spatial and temporal connection between blood vessels and bone cells to maintain skeletal integrity. Angiogenesis thus plays a pivotal role in skeletal development and bone fracture repair. Current procedures to repair bone defects and to provide structural ...

Objective (s): Silicate bioceramics containing Zn and Ca like hardystonite (Hr) with chemical formula Ca2ZnSi2O7 has attracted the attention of researchers in biomedical field due to its remarkable biological and mechanical properties. The new generation of bioceramics can applied in bone tissue engineering to substitute with infected bone. However, these zirconium-silicate bioceramics have pro...