Background on the Chemistry of Rotenone. Rotenone is a natural product isolated from certain subtropical and tropical members of the pea family found in South America and Southeast Asia. The use of rotenone by man may be ancient, as early explorers noted Peruvian natives using crude extracts of the Cubé plant to stun fish for eating. In the early 1900’s, botanists exploring Peruvian jungles sea...

The insecticidal and antifeedant activity of extracts derived from different parts of the mangrove tree Rhizophora mucronata (Rhizophoraceae) Lam. is reported. The 70% ethanol extracts of leaves, bark, stem wood and pith were tested for toxicity against adults of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal), the 2 instar larvae of Aedes aegypti (L.) and the 1 instar larvae of the brine shr...

Annonaceous acetogenins are botanical compounds with good potential for use as insecticides. In the vector, Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae), squamocin (acetogenin) has been reported to be a larvicide and cytotoxic, but the modes of action of this molecule are still poorly understood. This study evaluated the changes in the cell morphology, and in the expression of genes, for autophagy (...

Azadirachtin is one of the most effective botanical insecticides and has been widely used in pest control. Toxicological reports show that azadirachtin can induce apoptosis in various insect cell lines. However, studies of azadirachtin-induced autophagy in cultured insect cells are lacking. This study reports that azadirachtin A significantly inhibits cell proliferation by inducing autophagic a...

background: the german cockroach, blattella germanica (l), is a world wide hygienic pest that is very difficult to control. extensive usage of insecticides may develop resistance to a variety of insecticides, causing failure to control. this study was designed to determine resistance of hospital-collected strains of the german cockroach to carbamate and organophosphorous insecticides. methods: ...

the house fly, musca domestica l., is known as one of the most important hygiene problems worldwide. it has shown a high potential to develop resistance to chemical insecticides. this study was undertaken to determine the susceptibility or resistance of the house fly, which were collected from 3 livestock farms near the city of ahvaz, to prevalent pyrethroid insecticides (delthamethrin, lambda-...

Abstract Background Botanical pesticides may be a possible solution to the post-harvest loss of stored grains faced by farmers and food processors. In this study, seed preservatives properties Secamone afzelii leaves extracts at 50, 100, 150, 200 µl concentrations were investigated against lesser grain borer Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricus) infestation on wheat weight germination capability arra...

The decreased soil carrying capacity is due to reduced organic matter content, caused by disproportionally larger use of inorganic fertilizers and synthetic chemical pesticides in farming activities than environmentally friendly weeds, disease, insect pests control materials. Reducing the could be done using production facilities agriculture form non-chemical on a scale, which base materials ar...

Cosmetology, the science of alteration of appearance, has been practiced since primordial times. In India, the concept of using herbs for beautification finds its origin in traditional medicine literature like Ayurveda.The association between Ayurveda, anti-aging and cosmeceuticals is gaining importance in the beauty, health and wellness sector. Ayurvedic cosmeceuticals date back to the Indus V...

Herbal drug technology includes all the necessary steps for the conversion of botanical materials into medicines, where standardization and quality control are essential analytical tools to assure the correct identification of drugs. Advances in microscope technology and improvements in light and scanning electron microscopes have increased the accuracy and capabilities of microscopy as a mean ...