The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is formed by continuous, closely connected endothelial cells, enveloped in the basal lamina, pericytes, and foot extensions of astrocytes. BBB has a vital role brain metabolism protects parenchyma from harmful agents present systemic circulation. Damage to an increase its permeability have important many neurodegenerative diseases. This paper aims review literature...

PURPOSE Ischemic brain edema is subtle and hard to detect by computed tomography within the first hours of stroke onset. We hypothesize that non-enhanced CT (NECT) post-processing with frequency-selective non-linear blending ("best contrast"/BC) increases its accuracy in detecting edema and irreversible tissue damage (infarction). METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the NECT scans of 76 conse...

Molybdenum cofactor deficiency predominantly affects the central nervous system. There are limited data on long-term outcome or brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features. We examined the clinical, brain MRI, biochemical, genetic, and electroencephalographic features and outcome in 8 children with a diagnosis of molybdenum cofactor deficiency observed in our institution over 10 years. Two ...

INTRODUCTION Stroke is a common and important condition in medicine. Effective early management of acute stroke can reduce morbidity and mortality. CASE PRESENTATION A 63-year-old man presented to the Accident and Emergency department with a history of collapse and progressive right-sided weakness. Clinically this was a cerebrovascular accident affecting the left hemisphere of the brain causi...

BY ARBITRARY DEFINITION, focal neurological deficit due to vascular disease which resolves in less than 24 hours is called a transient ischemic attack (TIA); one that exceeds this length of time is attributed to infarction or hemorrhage. Some neurologists distinguish another category, in which a neurological deficit lasting more than 24 hours eventually resolves completely — usually within 3 we...

Clinical and experimental data from the past two decades show that Decompressive Craniectomy (DC) is an effective treatment which reduces mortality within patients with refractory intracranial hypertension. Massive cerebral ischemic infarction and traumatic brain injury are the most frequent indication of DC. Since the conservative medical treatment of intracranial hypertension is ineffective i...

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) have been widely recognized as key players in regulating blood-brain barrier (BBB) function, their roles are unclear ischemic stroke. Myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1) is essential for VSMCs contraction and contributes to maintaining healthy vasculature. We generated VSMC-specific MYPT1 knockout mice (MYPT1SMKO mice) cultured infected with Lv-shMYP...

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