Flexor digitorum tendon injuries are challenging conditions to manage to ensure optimal patient outcomes. While several surgical approaches with high success rates have been developed, there remains no gold standard for suture technique for the repair of flexor tendon injuries. In this study, we compared two distinct peripheral suture methods on the strength of repaired tendons. Pig flexor digi...

The growing scarcity of fresh water is driving the implementation of wastewater treatment and water reuse on an increasingly large scale. Various methods have been developed and used for water reuse from wastewater; however, the membrane distillation (MD) process, as a promising separation technology, has recently gained more attention. The MD process is a non-isothermal membrane-based separati...

This study develops a low-cost very-large-scale-integration (VLSI) hardware architecture for entropy coding with increased throughput using the statistical properties of context-based adaptive variable-length coding (CAVLC) in AVC/H.264. Statistical analyses show that better symbol length prediction was achieved by breaking the recursive dependency among codewords for the multi-symbol decoder i...

Euclidean n-component φ theories whose Hamiltonians areO(n) symmetric except for quadratic symmetry breaking boundary terms are studied in the film geometry R×[0, L]. The boundary terms imply the Robin boundary conditions ∂nφα = c̊ (j) α φα at the boundary planes Bj=1 at z = 0 and Bj=2 at z = L. Particular attention is paid to the cases in which mj of the n variables c̊ (j) α associated with plan...

We investigate the static potential in the confinement phase of the SU(2) Higgs model on the lattice, where this model is expected to have properties similar to QCD. We observe that Wilson loops are inadequate to determine the potential at large distances, where the formation of two color-neutral mesons is expected. Introducing smeared fields and a suitable matrix correlation function, we are a...

We report on a search for extra spatial dimensions compactified at radii that are vast compared to those of the Planck length, and even larger than the distance corresponding to the scale of electroweak symmetry breaking. The study is based on the suggestion that there may be only a single mass scale appropriate to particle phenomena, this being the effective Planck scale MS , which also serves...

In this paper, we study the influence of hard supersymmetry breaking terms in a N = 1, d = 4 supersymmetric model, in S × R spacetime topology. It is shown that when the radius of the compact dimension is large supersymmetry is unbroken, and dynamically breaks as the radius decreases. We point out that this resembles the inverse symmetry breaking of continuous symmetries at finite temperature (...

In two dimensions, quenched disorder always rounds transitions involving the breaking of spatial symmetries so, in practice, it can often be difficult to infer what form the symmetry breaking would take in the “ideal,” zero disorder limit. We discuss methods of data analysis which can be useful for making such inferences, and apply them to the problem of determining whether the preferred order ...

The two-dimensional wave-breaking of relativistic plasma waves driven by a ultrashort high-power lasers, is described within a framework of cold 2-D fluid theory. It is shown that the transverse nonlinearity of the plasma wave results in temporally increasing transverse plasma oscillation in the wake of the laser pulse, inevitably inducing wave-breaking below the 1-D threshold. A condition for ...