A patient underwent chest irradiation for small-cell carcinoma of the left lung. Several weeks following cessation of irradiation, the patient developed hypoxemia and reticulonodular densities within the radiation port. Open lung biopsy yielded a pathologic diagnosis consistent with irradiation pneumonitis along with a previously unreported association, bronchiolitis obliterans. Bronchiolitis o...

Production of interferon alfa in vitro was significantly reduced during acute respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis but subsequently returned to normal. Nasopharyngeal and endotracheal interferon alfa were detected intermittently and in low concentrations. The degree of impairment of in vitro production and poor in vivo production of interferon alfa suggest the need for a therapeutic trial ...

BACKGROUND Viral respiratory infections, especially acute bronchiolitis, play a key role in the development of asthma in childhood. However, most studies have focused on respiratory syncytial virus or rhinovirus infections and none of them have compared the long-term evolution of single versus double or multiple viral infections. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to compare the frequency of asthma develo...

TO THE EDITOR: Bronchiolitis, most often associated with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), is a major cause of hospitalisation in young children. Those with chronic lung and congenital heart disease (the latter affecting about 192 births annually in Western Australia) are at particularly high risk. Immunoprophylaxis with the RSV monoclonal antibody palivizumab is effective in reducing severe R...

A 41 year old male with psoriatic arthritis developed progressive dyspnoea and airflow obstruction following 4 months of intramuscular gold therapy. Open lung biopsy revealed bronchiolitis obliterans of the constrictive type. This case suggests a possible aetiological role for gold in the pathogenesis of constrictive bronchiolitis obliterans, or alternatively an association between psoriatic ar...

This report describes a patient with right lower lung (RLL) pneumonia of a subacute nature. Sputum and bronchial washings both grew N asteroides. Open lung biopsy showed bronchiolitis obliterans. Both the clinical and radiologic picture dramatically improved during three weeks of treatment with trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (TMP SMX), indicating the possibility that N asteroides infection c...

Given the low sensitivity of amoebal coculture, we developed a specific real-time PCR for the detection of Parachlamydia. The analytical sensitivity was high, and the inter- and intrarun variabilities were low. When the PCR was applied to nasopharyngeal aspirates, it was positive for six patients with bronchiolitis. Future studies should assess the role of Parachlamydia in bronchiolitis.

Evidence from a large number of prospective case-control studies shows that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis in infancy is often associated with recurrent wheezing and asthma during subsequent years. However, wheezing tends to diminish and most studies show no significant increase in wheezing compared to controls by school age or adolescence. An unresolved question is whether sev...

BACKGROUND Acute bronchiolitis comprises a major cause for morbidity in infants with viral infection which induces an immune inflammatory response that may produce long lasting harmful effects. Currently, there is no effective therapy for bronchiolitis. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to investigate the efficacy of five-day montelukast therapy in acute bronchiolitis management. METHODS The study incl...

PURPOSE The complex interplay between environmental and genetic factors plays an important role in the development of asthma. Several studies have yielded conflicting results regarding the 2 asthma-related risk factors: antibiotic usage during infancy and/or a history of bronchiolitis during early life and the development of asthma. In addition to these risk factors, we also explored the effect...