Using continuum dynamic van der Waals theory in a radial 1D geometry with a Lennard-Jones fluid model, we investigate the nature of vapor bubble nucleation near a heated, nanoscale-curved convex interface. Vapor bubble nucleation and growth are observed for interfaces with sufficiently large radius of curvature while phase stabilization of a superheated fluid layer occurs at interfaces with sma...

Direct numerical simulation (DNS) is used to study the evolution of a boundary layer that was laminar initially followed by separation and then reattachment owing to generation of turbulence. This creates a closed region of recirculation, known as the laminar-separation bubble. The present simulation emulates the flow environment encountered in a modern LP turbine blade, where a laminar separat...

We present the first all-Parylene microbubble pressure transducer (μBPT). The μBPT utilizes an electrolytically generated microbubble (μB), trapped in a Parylene microchamber, for pressure sensing. Pressure-induced bubble size variation is detected by electrochemical impedance measurement. Real-time hydrostatic pressure measurement with excellent sensitivity (-10.7 Ω/psi, ±0.1 psi) up to 1.8 ps...

TO THE EDITOR: Arieli (1) draws attention to experiments showing that solubility of individual gases may be reduced when high concentrations of multiple gases are present simultaneously. Results with in vitro systems of ethanol and water may not be representative of gases in tissue; for example, metabolism of oxygen will lower the oxygen partial pressure far below the inhaled value so tissue ma...

A study of high-pressure bubble growth within liquid droplets heated to their limits of superheat is reported. Droplets of an organic liquid (n-octane) were heated in an immiscible nonvolatile field liquid (glycerine) until they began to boil. High-speed cine photography was used for recording the qualitative aspects of boiling intensity and for obtaining some basic bubble growth data which hav...

Several studies report that dolphins, either captive or wild, can expel air from their blowhole to form ring bubbles. By means of an experimental setup consisting of an orifice coupled to a computer-controlled solenoid valve to simulate the dolphin’s blowhole and a vessel as the lungs, we examined the formation mechanism of a ring bubble under varying experimental conditions. With a better reco...

The collimation of an isotropic, non-magnetic protostellar wind by an ordered magnetic eld in the ambient medium is investigated using self-consistent magnetohydrodynamic simulations in two-dimensions. The strong protostellar wind in ates a low density bubble in the ambient medium. The growth of this bubble is con ned along the direction of the ambient magnetic eld when the gas pressure in the ...

The collapse of laser-induced cavitation bubbles creates acoustic transients within the surrounding medium and also pressure impulses to the ablation target and light-delivery fiber during microsecond laser ablation. The impulses are investigated here with time-resolved flash photography, and they are found to occur whether or not the light-delivery fiber is in contact with the target. We demon...

Planar lipid bilayers have been used to form stable bilayers into which membrane proteins are reconstituted for measurements of their function under an applied membrane potential. Recently, a lipid bilayer membrane is formed by the apposition of two monolayers that line an oil-electrolyte interface. Here, a bilayer membrane system is developed with picoliter bubbles under mechanically and chemi...

Frequency dependent measurements of attenuation and/or sound speed through clouds of gas bubbles in liquids are often inverted to find the bubble size distribution and the void fraction of gas. The inversions are often done using an effective medium theory as a forward model under the assumption that the bubble positions are Poisson distributed (i.e., statistically independent). Under circumsta...