The ancestral gene for immunoglobulin light-chain variable regions (Ig VLs) of the kappa as well as the lambda class apparently arose from about 12 tandem repeats of the 48-base-long primordial building block sequence TCT-TGC-GCA-GTA-AGT-CCA-CTC-CAG-GTC-ATA-TCC-AGT-CAG-GCT-GCT-GAA. Even today, amino acid residues 67 to 82 of each Ig V kappa L are still specified by a direct descendant in toto o...

The conversion of historical photographs, into digital surrogates facilitates the easy access to the intellectual content. Durable high quality digital master images available today enable the creation of specific derivatives in the future. As historical photographs often are very vulnerable and the conversion process is expensive, the creation of high quality digital master images is important...

A method to convert real number partitioned activation function into complex number one is provided. The method has 4em variations; 1 has potential to get holomorphic activation, 2 has potential to conserve complex angle, and the last 1 guarantees interaction between real and imaginary parts. The method has been applied to LReLU and SELU as examples. The complex number activation function is an...

We investigate the fields of definition up to isogeny of the abelian varieties known as building blocks. These varieties are defined as the Q-varieties admitting real or quaternionic multiplications of the maximal possible degree allowed by their dimensions (cf. Pyle (2004)). The Shimura-Taniyama conjecture predicts that every such variety is isogenous to a non-CM simple factor of a modular Jac...

Efficacy of chlorine dioxide (CD) gas generated by two distinct generation systems, Sabre (wet system with gas generated in water) and ClorDiSys (dry system with gas generated in air), was evaluated for inactivation of Bacillus anthracis spores on six building interior surfaces. The six building materials included carpet, acoustic ceiling tile, unpainted cinder block, painted I-beam steel, pain...

The development of new conjugated organic materials for dyes, sensors, imaging, and flexible light emitting diodes, field-effect transistors, and photovoltaics has largely relied upon assembling π-conjugated molecules and polymers from a limited number of building blocks. The use of the dithiolodithiole heterocycle as a conjugated building block for organic materials is described. The resulting...

Multi-touch technology has become pervasive in our daily lives, with iPhones, iPads, touch displays, and other devices. It is important to find a user input model that can work for multi-touch gesture recognition and can serve as a building block for modeling other modern input devices (e.g., Leap Motion, gyroscope). We present a novel approach to model multi-touch input using Petri Nets. We fo...

The paper describes a method for generating combinatorial complexes of polyhedral type. Building blocks B are implanted into the maximal simplices of a simplicial complex C, on which a group operates as a combinatorial reflection group. Of particular interest is the case where B is a polyhedral block and C the barycentric subdivision of a regular incidence-polytope K together with the action of...