The effectiveness of four road turn–out ditch treatments (vegetation, rip–rap, sediment fences, and settling basins) in reducing sediment export to the forest floor was evaluated. These four runoff control methods are commonly prescribed to control forest road runoff and sediments. The study utilized runoff samplers, runoff diversion walls, sediment filter bags, and erosion stakes to evaluate r...

objective(s): leptin is a hormone secreted by adipose tissue and is involved not only in the regulation of feeding and energy expenditure, but also its role in memory enhancement has been demonstrated as well. the partial transfer of leptin across the blood-brain barrier in obese individuals causes leptin resistance and prevents leptin reaching brain. on the other hand, studies have shown that ...

background: sediments in marine environment have a large capacity in binding with heavy metals; therefore, they are potential pollutants of water resources. the anzali wetland, located in the southern region of the caspian sea, iran, has been consistently threatened by heavy metal pollutants because of urban, agricultural and industrial wastewater inflow. the purpose of this study is to investi...

When rat fat cells were incubated with ACTH, epinephrine, or theophylline for 2 to 10 min, cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (3':5'-cyclic-AMP 5'-nucleotidohydrolase, E.C. 3.1.4.17) activity (K(m) about 0.39 muM) in the 100,000 x g sediment fraction of homogenates was increased 35 to 50%. The effects of epinephrine and ACTH were concentration dependent and maximal increases were produced with concen...

Sesarmid crabs are important ecosystem engineers in mangroves because they remove a large proportion of mangrove leaf litter. However, the effects on mangrove sediments of sesarmid crab foraging on mangrove leaves has been poorly quantified. Through a laboratory experiment, the present study aimed to quantify changes in nutrient concentrations and enzyme activities in mangrove sediment due to f...

honey bees as other animal creatures require water and nutrients, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and water for their maintenance, growth and reproduction. they normally obtain their nutritional requirements from flowers, but at times when there aren,t sufficient flowers available(fall, late winter and early spring) they need supplemental feeding to prevent their bei...