In this work, we give parallel transport frame of a curve and we introduce the relations between the frame and Frenet frame of the curve in 4-dimensional Euclidean space. The relation which is well known in Euclidean 3-space is generalized for the …rst time in 4-dimensional Euclidean space. Then we obtain the condition for spherical curves using the parallel transport frame of them. The conditi...

One of the methods for retrofitting reinforced concrete moment frames is the use of steel braces. In this research, the seismic performance of a double-skinned concrete framing system reinforced with two concentric (CBF) and eccentric (EBF) steel bracing, was investigated under seven near-fault earthquake records of varying intensity. For this purpose, two ten-story concrete frames with five sp...

Let $ { mathcal{R}} L$ be the ring of real-valued continuous functions on a frame $L$ as the pointfree  version of $C(X)$, the ring of all real-valued continuous functions on a topological space $X$. Since $C_c(X)$ is the largest subring of $C(X)$ whose elements have countable image, this motivates us to present the pointfree  version of $C_c(X).$The main aim of this paper is to present t...

In this paper, nonlinear behavior of strengthened steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) by FRP laminates theoretically and numerically has been investigated. In the first part, a new method, “the composite-plate frame Interaction (C-PFI) method”, has been introduced to predict the shear behavior of the composite steel plate shear wall systems (CSPSWs). In the second part, several models of one-story ...