Levels of the serum complement components, C3 and C4, in patients with Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and miscellaneous gastrointestinal disorders were compared with those of normal blood donors. Significant increases of both components were found in all three patient groups, the highest being in patients with Crohn's disease. Generally, levels of C3 and C4 were lower in patients with ina...

UNLABELLED Complement signaling has been implicated as important for normal hepatic regeneration. However, the specific mechanism by which complement is activated during liver regeneration remains undefined. To address this question, we investigated the hepatic regenerative response to partial hepatectomy in wildtype mice, C3-, C4-, and factor B-null mice, and C4-null mice treated with a factor...

Serum C1q, C3, C4, and C5 components of complement levels were measured in 56 healthy subjects and 98 patients with trachoma. Serum C1q and C3 levels were found to be significantly low in stages II and III. There was no change in serum C4 and C5 levels in any of the stages. The levels of C1q and C3 complement components in serum in stages II and III returned to normal as the disease resolved fo...

Levels of C4d, a fragment of C4 generated during activation of the classical complement pathway, were measured in the plasma of 48 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 11 with inactive (group 1), 23 with mildly active (group 2), 14 with moderately/severely active disease (group 3), and 30 healthy subjects. Levels of C3d, C4, and C3 were also measured and the C4d/C4 and C3d/C3 ratios calc...

The goal of suppressing photorespiration in crops to maximize assimilation and yield is stimulating considerable interest among researchers looking to bioengineer carbon-concentrating mechanisms into C3 plants. However, detailed quantification of the biochemical activities in the bundle sheath is lacking. This work presents a general stoichiometric model for C3, C2, C2+C4, and C4 assimilation (...