Bone mineral density [BMD] generally correlates with bone strength. BMD testing is used to assess bone density and diagnose osteoporosis. The HU scale is a linear transformation of the original linear attenuation coefficient measurement in to one in which the radio-density of distilled water at standard pressure and temperature is defined as Zero Hounsfield Unit while the radio-density of air a...

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The use of the platelet concentration technique is widespread in dental implant surgery. However, its effect or mechanism is not clearly understood. PURPOSE This study introduced an animal model for the platelet concentration technique and evaluated its effect on bone formation with natural cancellous bovine bone mineral. MATERIAL AND METHODS Adult New Zealand white rab...

Bones, the fundamental part of the skeleton, are constantly subjected to many biological processes including growth, feeding and remodelling. Remodelling causes changes in bone structure that may be difficult to notice on a day-to-day basis but become significant over the longer time span. It acts on the cancellous and cortical bone tissue, causing alterations in thickness and spatial arrangeme...

A technique of shoulder arthrodesis is presented. Fixation of the arthrodesis combines scapulohumeral half-frame Hoffmann external fixation and internal fixation using a cancellous screw. Cancellous bone autografts are packed at the site of arthrodesis. The functional results of nine cases are presented.

The rise in oestrogen levels at menarche in girls is associated with a large reduction in bone turnover markers. This reduction reflects the closure of the epiphyseal growth plates, the reduction in periosteal apposition and endosteal resorption within cortical bone, and in bone remodelling within cortical and cancellous bone. Oestrogen promotes these changes, in part, by promoting apoptosis of...

For normal healthy teeth, the percussive energy generated by mastication is attenuated by the periodontal ligament at the healthy bone/natural tooth interface. However, when a natural tooth must be replaced by an implant because of damage or disease, the ligament is lost and the implant will transmit the percussive forces to the bone directly. Studies have evaluated the deformation distribution...

Natural and synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds for potential load-bearing bone implants were fabricated by two methods. The natural scaffolds were formed by heating bovine cancellous bone at 1325°C, which removed the organic and sintered the HA. The synthetic scaffolds were prepared by freeze-casting HA powders, using different solid loadings (20–35 vol.%) and cooling rates (1–10°C/min). B...

BACKGROUND Open iliac bone harvesting techniques can result in significant complications and residual morbidity. In reconstructive procedures where a small volume of autogenous cancellous bone graft is required, a minimally invasive technique for bone harvesting applied at the mid-iliac crest has been deemed satisfactory. We sought to assess the application of a well-established surgical techni...

OBJECTIVE To establish an experimental model of early stage avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) caused by corticosteroid in adult rabbits and to observe the pathological changes with various imaging techniques. METHODS ANFH was induced by a combination of hypersensitivity vasculitis caused by injection of horse serum and subsequent administration of a high dose of corticosteroid. Th...

The aim of this study was to elucidate the association between the bone structure at implant insertion sites and stress distribution around the mandibular canal by means of three-dimensional finite element (3D FE) analysis. Four FE models were created with slice data using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), and 3D FE analysis was performed. Mechanical analysis showed that the load reached th...