We here report on the in vitro activity of toremifene to inhibit biofilm formation of different fungal and bacterial pathogens, including Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida dubliniensis, Candida krusei, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. We validated the in vivo efficacy of orally administered toremifene against C. albicans and S. aureus biof...

We describe the acquisition of flucytosine, azole, and caspofungin resistance in sequential Candida glabrata bloodstream isolates collected from a bone marrow transplant patient with clinical failure. Point mutations in C. glabrata FUR1 (CgFUR1) and CgFKS2 and overexpression of CgCDR1 and CgCDR2 were observed in resistant isolates.

results the sequence analysis of the isolate confirmed as c. glabrata and deposited on ncbi genbank under the accession number no. kt763084-kt763123. the geometric mean mics against all the tested strains were as follows, in increasing order: casp (0.17 g/ml), vcz (0.67 g/ml), amb (1.1 g/ml), itz (1.82 g/ml), ktz (1.85 g/ml), and fcz (6.7 g/ml). the resistance rates of the isolates to casp, fcz...

A clinical survey was carried out in seven cities in the southern part of Nigeria to determine the relative distribution of genitourinary Candida species in symptomatic patients reporting for diagnosis and treatment. Seven Candida species were identified using the CHROMagar Candida method and the API 20C System. Candida species were represented by Candida glabrata (33.7%), Candida albicans (20....

Historically, Candida species represented a catch-all taxonomic grouping for yeasts that exhibited hyphal or pseudohyphal branching and did not form sexual spores. However, with the advent of molecular typing of DNA sequences, it is now apparent that Candida represent a diverse range of species within the Hemiascomycetes, which also includes the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Several Can...

OBJECTIVES Heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) is targeted by the humoral response in invasive candidiasis. This paper tests for synergy between caspofungin and efungumab--a human antibody fragment against hsp90. METHODS The MIC-0, MIC-2 values and FICI were determined for a range of yeasts against efungumab and caspofungin. These yeasts were injected intravenously into mice with: 100 microL of sal...

Candida glabrata is the second most common Candida species causing disseminated infection, after C. albicans. C. glabrata is intrinsically less susceptible to the widely used azole antifungal drugs and quickly develops secondary resistance. Resistance typically relies on drug efflux with transporters regulated by the transcription factor Pdr1. Gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in PDR1 lead to a ...

Background: Vulvovaginal Candidiasis is one of the most common vaginal infections and identification of candida species can be helpful in medical treatment. Intra uterine devices (IUDs) are effective, long-term methods of contraception, which in some cases may lead to Vulvovaginal Candidiasis. This study was developed to assess the effect of IUD insertion on Candida fungal flora in cervicovagin...

INTRODUCTION There are few studies reporting the antifungal activities of Lippia alba extracts. METHODS A broth microdilution assay was used to evaluate the antifungal effects of Lippia alba extracts against seven yeast species of Candida and Cryptococcus. The butanol fraction was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS The butanol fraction showed the highest activity ...

AIMS To identify the Candida species that cause vulvovaginal candidiasis and determine their antifungal susceptibility patterns. STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY The study was conducted at the antenatal clinic of Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in Mbarara Municipality, between December 2012 and February 2013. METHODS High vaginal swabs from 456...