INTRODUCTION Frontal and rear-end collision with low speed are common accident mechanisms in situations with dense city traffic. During a rear-end collision the car occupant of the struck vehicle is pushed forward by the seat-back. Due to its inertia the neck is forced to an extension-flexion movement commonly called ‘whiplash’. To improve car safety mainly anthropometric test dummies (ATD) e.g...

In this paper, different semi-active control strategies for non-linear quarter car model equipped with controllable magneto-rheological (MR) shock absorbers and fuzzy logic controller are compared. Polynomial model is selected to characterize the experimental results of MR shock absorber. A combination of Forward Fuzzy Logic Controller (FFLC) and Inverse Fuzzy Logic Controller (IFLC) is designe...

The safety and ergonomic compatibility are the most important parts for designing child car seats. Since the children, especially the infants, cannot objectively express their aptitudes of safety, comfort and opinions very well, they cannot be suitable subjects for ergonomic design experiments. Applying computers to simulate human motions for solving ergonomic design problems has been explored ...

CONTEXT A car occupant could be killed if struck by another occupant who was catapulted forward, backward, or sideways in a crash. OBJECTIVE To estimate the association between death of a car occupant (the target) and restraint use by other occupants. DESIGN Matched-pair cohort study comparing the outcomes of 2 target occupants in the same passenger car that crashed. SETTING United States...

As part of NHTSA’s Rear Seat Occupant Protection Research Program, the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) and State Data System (SDS) for Florida, Pennsylvania and Maryland were utilized to estimate relative fatality rates and injury risk ratios between the front and rear seat passengers. In addition, a parametric study of rear-seat restraint parameters was performed to assess chest defl...

The design optimisation of car seats is vital in ensuring comfort and safety whilst driving. main aim this study to determine the relationship between anthropometric parameters, interface pressure on driver’s a preferred driving position. A pressure-map sensor was used identify patterns seat. Results indicate significant relationships were found seat certain anthropometrics dimension. strong co...

Traffic Management is a huge problem in large cities. Absence of technological support to complement road safety measures results in loss of precious human lives and severe implications to our environment. According to National Highway Traffic Safety administration (Fatal Car Accidents, 2005), around 43,000 people were killed in accidents, millions of people were injured and the economic conseq...

[1] Is it ethical for an employee to accept a new job knowing he will leave it as soon as a better one appears? Is it ethical for an employer to hire a new employee knowing the position will be eliminated as soon as the human resources department can find a suitable outsource? These were the types of questions being tossed about in the rear seat of my car on the way home from an "ethics breakfa...