Using a model of substitutable goods I determine generic conditions on tastes which guarantee that fixed prices are not optimal: the fully optimal tariff includes lotteries. That is, a profit maximising seller would employ a haggling strategy. We show that the fully optimal selling strategy in a class of cases requires a seller to not allow themselves to focus on one good but to remain haggling...

Saliva constitutes an important role in maintaining the health of the oral cavity. It helps in lubrication, mastication, and has effective antimicrobial action. In prosthodontics, saliva plays a main role in retention of the denture. Hyposalivation is a main complication in diabetes, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, sjogren syndrome, certain systemic conditions and patients with maxillofacial defect...

Tissue-engineered biological dressings offer promise in the treatment of burns, chronic ulcers, donor site and other surgical wounds, and a variety of dermatologic conditions. Despite this promise, cellular tissue-engineered products such a Dermagraft and Apligraf have suffered setbacks in recent years with a lower market share than the commercial promoters of these products anticipated. AlloDe...

background: botulism is caused by a neurotoxin produced from the anaerobic, spore forming bacterium clostridium. food-borne botulism is one of the dangerous forms of food poisoning in the world. the purpose of this study was to survey some clinical presentations and laboratory findings in patients suspected with botulism toxicity that had received anti-botulism. methods: this descriptive-retros...

INTRODUCTION Preoperative anaemia is linked to poor postsurgical outcome, longer hospital stays, greater risk of complications and mortality. Currently in the UK, some sites have developed anaemia clinics or pathways that use intravenous iron to correct iron deficiency anaemia prior to surgery as their standard of care. Although intravenous iron has been observed to be effective in a variety of...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In our current food supply, sugar substitutes are widely used in beverages and other food products. However, there is limited information about the link between dietary consumption of sugar substitutes and stroke to date. This study sought to determine the effect of various sugar substitutes on the cerebral ischemic injury and endothelial progenitor cells, which have been...

Generation of skin appendages in engineered skin substitutes has been limited by lack of trichogenic potency in cultured postnatal cells. To investigate the feasibility and the limitation of hair regeneration, engineered skin substitutes were prepared with chimeric populations of cultured human keratinocytes from neonatal foreskins and cultured murine dermal papilla cells from adult GFP transge...

Evidence has shown that ingestion of heavy metals can lead to neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to investigate the neurotoxic potential of salt substitutes (Obu-Otoyo); salt A (made by burning palm kernel shaft then soaked in water overnight and the extract from the resulting residue is used as the salt substitute) and salt B (an unrefined salt mined from a local site at Ilobu town, ...

We consider the invertibility (injectivity) of a nonparametric nonseparable demand system. Invertibility of demand is important in several contexts, including identi…cation of demand, estimation of demand, testing of revealed preference, and economic theory exploiting existence of an inverse demand function or (in an exchange economy) uniqueness of Walrasian equilibrium prices. We introduce the...