We formulate a general analysis to determine the two-dimensional dissociation constant (2D Kd), and use this method to study the interaction of CD2-expressing T cells with glass-supported planar bilayers containing fluorescently labeled CD58, a CD2 counter-receptor. Both CD2 and CD58 are laterally mobile in their respective membranes. Adhesion is indicated by accumulation of CD2 and CD58 in the...

This paper aims to study the biosorption for removal of lead, cadmium, copper and arsenic ions using algae as a biosorbent. A series experiments were carried out obtain breakthrough data in fluidized bed reactor. The minimum fluidization velocities beds found be 2.27 3.64 mm/s mish sizes 0.4-0.6 0.6-1 mm diameters, respectively. An ideal plug flow model has been adopted characterize solved nume...

CD2 subserves both adhesion and signal transduction functions in T cells, thymocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells. In mature T lymphocytes, CD2-mediated signaling function apparently requires surface expression of T cell receptors (TCRs) . In contrast, in CD2+CD3NK cells and thymocytes, signal transduction through CD2 is TCR independent . To resolve this paradox and characterize TCR-independe...

This study addresses the role of the tyrosine kinase ZAP-70 in CD2-mediated T cell activation. Patients lacking ZAP-70 have few mature CD8+ T cells and high numbers of CD4+ T cells that are nonfunctional upon TCR triggering. Such a patient with a homozygous deletion in the zap-70 gene that resulted in the complete absence of ZAP-70 protein expression has been identified. Expression of the tyros...

The Fc receptor on NK cells, FcγRIIIA (CD16), has been extensively studied for its role in mediating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). A homozygous missense mutation in CD16 (encoding a L66H substitution) is associated with severe herpesvirus infections in rare patients. Here, we identified a new patient with this CD16 mutation and compared the patient's NK cells to those of the ...

Intracellular protein interaction domains are essential for eukaryotic signaling. In T cells, the CD2BP2 adaptor binds two membrane-proximal proline-rich motifs in the CD2 cytoplasmic tail via its GYF domain, thereby regulating interleukin-2 production. Here we present the structure of the GYF domain in complex with a CD2 tail peptide. Unlike SH3 domains, which use two surface pockets to accomm...

NMDA receptor channels are characterized by high Ca2+ permeability. It remains unclear whether extracellular Ca2+ could directly modulate channel gating and control Ca2+ influxes. We demonstrate a pore-blocking site external to the activation gate for extracellular Ca2+ and Cd2+, which has the same charge and radius as Ca2+ but is impermeable to the channel. The apparent affinity of Cd2+ or Ca2...

2-(3- indolyl) – 4,5 di phynyl imidazole.(IDPI) was used as a complexing agent in cloud point extraction for the first time and applied for selective pre-concentration of trace amounts of cadmium. The method is based on the extraction of cadmium at pH= 7.0 by using non-ionic surfactant Triton-X114 and 2-(3- indolyl) – 4,5 di phynyl imidazole. (IDPI) as a chelating agent. The adopted concentrati...