The Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR), widely recognized as one the most important documents in foreign language teaching, defines levels communicative proficiency. common points reference are primarily meant to assist teachers and test developers striving adhere a unified understanding CEFR levels. Yet it is not uncommon among practitioners claim particular level task, text or samp...

This paper proposes a novel method for channel estimation in a single-carrier MIMO system with frequencydomain equalization/detection. To this end, we construct novel short MIMO training sequences that have constant envelope in the time domain to preclude the peak-to-mean power problem encountered in many systems that utilize the frequency domain for data recovery. Simultaneously, the spectrum ...

The new Companion Volume (CV) to the Common European Framework for Languages (CEFR) has significantly amplified importance of mediation as a plurilingual language activity within its conceptualisation communicative competence. This is be warmly welcomed positive contribution to, and acknowledgement of, increasingly superdiverse societies potential multilingual users/learners act ‘social agents’...

How can we take householders from being disengaged passive energy consumers towards being highly motivated retrofitting energy saving masters? In this paper the ”Power law of engagement model for energy saving” is introduced, which breaks down the process of engaging householders into 8 defined stages. The model is based on the householder’s level of engagement and commitment, but applies Fogg’...

1. This document is HS918, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: May 2003. Please visit the EDIS Web site at http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu. 2. Daniel J. Cantliffe, professor and chair, Horticultural Sciences Department; John J. Vansickle, professor, Food an...