Cardiovascular diseases take a leading position in the structure of mortality modern society. Most are characterized by uncontrolled processes oxidative stress, proteolysis, tissue and cellular hypoxia, which cause endothelial dysfunction. Tissue hypoxia accumulated with mitochondrial reactive forms oxygen damaging lipoproteins, proteins, nucleic acids plays an important role pathogenesis vascu...

Cellular injury caused by stimuli plays an important role in the progression of various diseases including acute and chronic kidney diseases. The dynamic transcriptional regulation responding to underlies mechanism injury. In this study, we investigated regulatory elements their activities tubular epithelial cells. We captured chromatin accessibility gene expression with ATAC-seq RNA sequencing...

Somatic cell nuclear transplantation (SCNT) and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technologies can be employed to change cell fate by reprogramming. The discoveries of SCNT and iPSCs were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine in 2012, which reaffirmed the importance of cell fate plasticity. However, the low cloning efficiency of SCNT and differences between iPSCs and embryonic ...

Direct reprogramming can be achieved by forced expression of master transcription factors. Yet how such factors mediate repression of initial cell-type-specific genes while activating target cell-type-specific genes is unclear. Through embryonic stem (ES) to trophoblast stem (TS)-like cell reprogramming by introducing individual TS cell-specific 'CAG' factors (Cdx2, Arid3a and Gata3), we interr...

The therapeutic potential of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is well established. Safety concerns remain, however, and these have driven considerable efforts aimed at avoiding host genome alteration during the reprogramming process. At present, the tools used to generate human iPSCs include (1) DNA-based integrative and non-integrative methods and (2) DNA-free reprogramming technologies,...

Epigenetic reprogramming of adult human somatic cells to alternative fates, such as the conversion of human skin fibroblasts to induced pluripotency stem cells (iPSC), has enabled the generation of novel cellular models of CNS disorders. Cell reprogramming models appear particularly promising in the context of human neurological disorders of aging such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's d...

Cellular reprogramming was recently "crowned" with the award of the Nobel Prize to two of its groundbreaking researchers, Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka. The recent link between reprogramming and stem cells makes this appear almost a new field of research, but its historical roots have actually spanned more than a century. Here, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2012 is placed in i...

The research fields of developmental biology and oncology have always been tightly linked, since the times of Rudolf Virchow's cellular theory ("omnis cellula e cellula") and embryonal rest hypothesis. On the other side, for many years, contemporary cancer research has been mainly focused on the altered controls of proliferation in tumoral cells. This has been reflected in the therapeutic appro...

Reprogramming of differentiated cells into induced pluripotent stem cells has been recently achieved in vivo in mice. Telomeres are essential for chromosomal stability and determine organismal life span as well as cancer growth. Here, we study whether tissue dedifferentiation induced by in vivo reprogramming involves changes at telomeres. We find telomerase-dependent telomere elongation in the ...

Cellular reprogramming can be achieved by ectopically expressing transcription factors that directly convert one differentiated cell type into another, bypassing embryonic states. A number of different cell types have been generated by such 'direct lineage reprogramming' methods, but their practical utility has been limited because, in most protocols, the resulting populations are often partial...