the disappearance of bipolar system following the disintegration of the soviet union, has also changed many strategic concepts. central asia, as a part of the soviet empire, has become an arena for regional and global challenges after these transformations. the region, already faced with various political, economic, social and cultural problems, soon became a location for the activities of isla...

The traditional architectural methods used in the historical cities of Iran provide useful information on various fields related to architecture and urban planning. Of particular interest are the techniques used for designing open and closed spaces in houses located in the hot and humid climate zone. The proportions observed for the courtyard in such houses have a great role in determining the ...

Urban centres in the world are undergoing facets of changes, these changes are evident in developing countries and more divergent because urban transformation in developing countries is often accompanied challenges which include traffic congestion, overcrowding, pollution and continuous land use succession. This phenomenon is not different with the central area of Minna, Nigeria. Since 2008 the...

When Bishop Stefan Pankovych (1866–1874), who succeeded Vasyl Popovych (died in 1864) was inaugurated, he almost unknown to the Rusin clergy of Greek Catholic Eparchy Mukachevo. The new bishop maintained good relations with members Hungarian political elite and actively supported policy government. This manifested on several levels. He promoted high ecclesiastical positions those did not suppor...

to assess the sources, entry routes and degree of contamination of pah compounds in surface sediments of the southwestern caspian sea coasts (gillan province) total of 129 surface sediment samples from 28 rivers and 5 transect across the gillan province coasts (from astara to lahijan; 10, 20 and 50 m depth) were collected in the spring and summer of 2012. after extraction using soxhlet method, ...