Emerging theories of Design Justice ask architects and planners to center the voices long-oppressed groups. But which kinds spatial transformations can concretely inform a just praxis urban design? To answer this question, we compare-in-difference how disadvantaged people counter exclusion by designing spaces in Baitu (China), Los Angeles (USA), Rome (Italy). We find that diverse groups activat...

a rural environment is reflect of the historical practices over the time, mutually feedback of human settle, activities nature and include aesthetic quality, environmental function, local knowledge, tradition and customs. but rapid growth of consuming economy and emphases only on functional character without linkage to different environmental socio-cultural and economic condition led to model o...

crime and the fear of crime are pervasive and endemic concerns in modern society and criminal justice systems are clearly failing to tackle both issues. cpted is an acronym for crime prevention through environmental design which asserts that the proper design and effective use of the built environment can lead to a reduction in the fear and incidence of crime, and an improvement in the quality ...

some products include emotional messages which are recognized and perceived by users unconsciously. such products can have deeper influence on users and satisfy their emotional needs. from emotional design point of view, the main objective of design is to satisfy emotional needs of users, so tries to direct and incline design criteria to this main goal. emotional design is based on advanced tec...

Complexity demand of modern communication systems, particularly in the wireless domain, grows at an astounding rate, a rate so high that the available complexity and even worse the design productivity required to convert algorithms into silicon are left far behind. This effect is commonly referred to as the design productivity crisis or simply the design gap. Since the design gap is predicted t...

Vinod Goel [1] proposes a theory of notationality, derived from observations of interior designers, that distinguishes three classes of symbol systems: notational, non-notational, and discursive. He theorizes that design processes can be improved through the use of non-notational symbols. This paper presents the 2 factorial designed experiment used to test the applicability of this theory to el...

This book introduces a modern approach to embedded system design, presenting software design and hardware design in a unified manner. It covers trends and challenges, introduces the design and use of single-purpose...

Abstract. This paper provides an interpretation of interaction design patterns from the perspective of design-oriented research in information systems. It is concluded that interaction design patterns do not meet certain ideals for contemporary information systems design theory: Rigor, practical utility, novelty/innovation, acknowledgement of the social setting, and cumulative research. The lac...

A design pattern realization consists of a cluster of classes that work together to solve a particular problem using a well known, named solution. Developers may build systems out of several pattern realizations, and these pattern realizations may be interconnected, or, in other words, coupled. Coupled pattern realizations may represent a reasonable solution to software design problems, however...

In this paper, we analyze system-level design methodologies for platform-based design. Platform-based design is popular as a way to reduce development time, but creating the platform is difficult. We introduce the first generation dilemma problem --initial designs are much harder because we do many of the components that will be used to build the system. We explain the origin of this problem an...