Abstract Background: Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography results have not been previously studied in among Iranian sickle cell anemia patients. The present study was performed to evaluate the pattern of intracranial flow velocities among Iranian children with sickle cell anemia and the hematological parameters that can affect the time-averaged mean of maximum velocity in major intracranial...

  Objective(s): Cerebral hypoperfusion/ischemia (CHI) is a neurological disease where impaired hippocampus electrical activity and cognition caused by a serial pathophysiological events. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of chronic oral administration of grape seed extract (GSE) on passive avoidance memory and long-term potentiation (LTP) after permanent bilateral common carotid arteries...

In helically-cut strips of dog basilar and mesenteric arteries, the isometric tension developed by application of ghost-free hemolysate from dog erythrocytes was recorded. The hemolysate contracted basilar arteries in a concentration-dependent fashion, the response being attenuated by treatment with either aspirin or polyphloretin phosphate, a prostaglandin antagonist. Mesenteric arteries were ...

In helically-cut strips of dog basilar and mesenteric arteries, the isometric tension developed by application of ghost-free hemolysate from dog erythrocytes was recorded. The hemolysate contracted basilar arteries in a concentration-dependent fashion, the response being attenuated by treatment with either aspirin or polyphloretin phosphate, a prostaglandin antagonist. Mesenteric arteries were ...

PURPOSE The pulsatility index (PI), measured by transcranial Doppler (TCD), is a surrogate marker for distal vascular resistance in cerebral arteries, and elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcyt) is regarded as a cause of ischemic stroke, including lacunar infarction. We investigated the relationship between the PI of cerebral arteries and plasma tHcyt in patients with lacunar infarction. M...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The observed distribution of cerebral infarcts varies markedly from expectations based on blood-flow volume or Doppler embolus detection. In this study, we used an in vitro model of the cerebral arteries to test whether embolus microspheres encountering the circle of Willis are carried proportionally to volume flow or express a preferred trajectory related to arterial mor...

Ospina, Jose A., Sue P. Duckles, and Diana N. Krause. 17 -Estradiol decreases vascular tone in cerebral arteries by shifting COX-dependent vasoconstriction to vasodilation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 285: H241–H250, 2003. First published March 13, 2003; 10.1152/ajpheart.00018. 2003.—We have previously shown that estrogen treatment increases cerebrovascular cyclooxygenase-1, prostacyclin sy...

Background Nitric oxide (NO) is a potent vasodilator that was initially described as the mediator of endothelium-dependent relaxation (endothelium-derived relaxing factor, EDRF). It is now known that NO is produced by a variety of other cell types. Summary of Review Endothelium produces NO (EDRF) under basal conditions and in response to a variety of vasoactive stimuli in large cerebral arterie...

Previous studies have demonstrated activation of the local renin-angiotensin system in hindlimb unweighting (HU) rat vasculature. The present study intended to identify the effects of blockade of angiotensin II (ANG II) type 1 (AT(1)) receptors with losartan on vascular reactivity, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression, and superoxide anion (O(2)(*-)) levels in 3-wk HU rat cerebral and carotid...