OBJECTIVES Cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) is used as a treatment for depression and anxiety, and as an adjunctive intervention for pain management. This prospective study investigated whether CES could decrease preoperative anxiety, the injection pain of rocuronium, postoperative pain and stress hormone levels. METHODS Female patients undergoing thyroidectomy were randomly assigned ...

Recently much attention was paid to polynomial interior point methods, almost exclusively based on the logarithmic barrier function. Some attempts were made to prove polynomiality of other barrier methods (e.g. the inverse barrier method) but without success. Other interior point methods could be de ned based on CES-functions (CES is the abbreviation of Constant Elasticity of Substitution). The...

Counter electrodes (CEs) of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) are usually fabricated by depositing catalytic materials on substrates. The poor adhesion of the catalytic material to the substrate often results in the exfoliation of catalytic materials, and then the deterioration of cell performance or even the failure of DSCs. In this study, a highly adhesive surface layer is in situ grown on th...

Objective: In this study, we examined the characteristics of depressien determination using four representatiye selfirating depression scales (Geriatric Depression Scale, GDS; Selfirating Depression Scale, SDS; Center for Epidemiotogic Studies Depressien Scale, CES-D; and Carroll Rating Scale, CRS) applied to Japanese community-dwelling elderly. Methods: Subjects were 563 community-dwelling ind...

Goal: The aim of this study was to investigate the normalization of the intrinsic functional activity and connectivity of TS adolescents before and after the cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) with alpha stim device. Methods: We performed restingstate functional magnetic resonance imaging on eight adolescents before and after CES with mean age of about nine-years old who had Tourette’s sy...

BACKGROUND The primary sources of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in its exotic range in North America are artificial containers in backyards, which vary widely in accessibility. In this study we examined their prevalence in two container types that are difficult to inspect: catch basins and corrugated extension spouts (CES), the latter used to divert rainwater in downspouts away from house foundation...

OBJECTIVE In previous studies, cranial electrostimulation (CES) had positive effects on sleep in depressed patients and in patients with vascular dementia. The present study examined the effects of low-frequency CES on the rest-activity rhythm and cortisol levels of patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHOD It was hypothesised that a decreased level of cortisol would parallel a ...

Cultural differences in the reporting of depressive symptoms among older people were examined using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale in five Southeast Asian countries: Indonesia, Korea, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. Previous work in Asian samples--principally North American immigrants--suggested differential functioning of the CES-D. The four-factor solution e...

abstract In this article, the study of how a constructivist e-learning system affects students' learning outcomes was explored and a two-phase study was designed. The first study sought to create a constructivist e-learning environment (CEE) and discover how students expected their learning outcomes under CEE. CEE is composed of three constructs, which are exploration, collaboration, and constr...

The two-level CES aggregate production function that nests a CES into another CES function has recently been used extensively in theoretical and empirical applications of macroeconomics. This paper examines its theoretical properties and establishes existence and stability conditions of equilibria under the Solow and Diamond growth models. In addition, it examines the effect of changes in subst...