A simple analytical method was developed to measure concentrations of glufosinate ammonium and its metabolites, 3-methylphosphinico-propionic acid (MPP) and 2-methylphosphinico-acetic acid (MPA), in field soil samples. To determine the minimum quantification limit, samples were spiked at different levels (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/kg). Soil samples were extracted with ammonium hydroxide solution 5% ...

A multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was developed to simultaneously detect bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), bean common mosaic necrotic virus (BCMNV), and bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV) from common bean leaves dried with silica gel using a single total nucleic acid extraction cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) method. A mixture of five specif...

The capsular components of the human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans are transported to the extracellular space and then used for capsule enlargement by distal growth. It is not clear, however, how the glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) fibers are incorporated into the capsule. In the present study, we show that concentration of C. neoformans culture supernatants by ultrafiltration results in the forma...

We investigated the fluorescence properties of dye aggregates formed in a poly(vinylalcohol) (PVA) matrix by phase separation. Trimethyl-(2-oxo-2-pyrene-1-yl-ethyl)-ammonium bromide (PyAm) was used as a fluorescent dye molecule. The size of PyAm aggregates in the PVA thin films were increased with increasing dye concentration, which was confirmed by atomic force microscope (AFM) measurements. T...

Exposure to anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS), cationic (cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide CTAB) and non ionic (Triton X-100) surfactants at a sub lethal concentration of 1 ppm resulted in severe oxidative stress in the hepatic, renal and cardiac tissues of fresh water adapted Oreochromis mossambicus. Hepatic catalase showed significant increase (P<0.001) in all the surfactant exposed fish, ...

A simple, rapid and sensitive method for the estimation of gallic acid has been developed. It is based on reduction of V(V) by gallic acid to V(IV) which forms complex with Eriochrome cyanine-R (ECR) in presence of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) resulting in a stable violet colored species. This showed maximum absorption at 580 nm. The calibration line was linear for gallic acid concen...

A novel microfluidic sensor for measuring dynamic gas-liquid interfacial tension is reported. The device consists of a microfluidic chip with a microchannel network and an optical detection system. The sample is introduced into a main channel, while air is injected through a T-junction. Owing to the fixed flow rate ratio used for the sensor, surface tension is the only parameter determining bub...

Hyaluronidase (HAase) was reported as a urinary marker of bladder cancer. In this study, a simple colorimetric gold nanoparticle (AuNP) assay was developed for rapid and sensitive detection of urinary HAase activity. Charge interaction between polyanionic hyaluronic acid (HA) and cationic AuNPs stabilized with cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) led to formation of gold aggregates and a red...

Due to inconsistent clinical presentations and the lack of a rapid, sensitive and specific test, tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is particularly difficult to diagnose. The present study was carried out to determine the utility of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using INS primers in the diagnosis of TBM and to compare the efficacy of two different DNA extraction protocols. Fifty-seven cerebrosp...

AIMS To develop and determine the safety of gold nanorods, whose aspect ratios can be tuned to obtain plasmon peaks between 650 and 850 nm, as contrast enhancing agents for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. MATERIALS & METHODS In this study we compared the blood clearance and tissue distribution of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)-capped and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated gold...