6. It has been demonstrated that control over volume history reduces the intrasubject variability of flow measurements by RCT [6]. It is possible that the breath-stacking technique reduced the scatter of the flow data. This remains unclear because coefficients of variation of repeated measurements are not reported. All these factors allow forced expiratory flows to differ among different manoeu...

In a recent German multicenter study, 25% of the patients who suffered a witnessed cardiac arrest outside the hospital were resuscitated successfully and were discharged from the hospital. Approximately 100,000 people suffer a fatal cardiac arrest in Germany annually, which is about ten times more than deaths resulting from motor vehicle accidents. New devices and techniques for cardiopulmonary...

The new European Resuscitation Council (ERC) guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) published on October 18th, 2010, replace those published in 2005 and are based on the latest International Consensus on CPR Science with Treatment Recommendations (CoSTR). For both adult and pediatric resuscitation, the most important general changes include: the introduction of chest compression-onl...

Defibrillation is no longer universally recommended as initial intervention for the reversal of ventricular fibrillation (VF) after a prolonged and untreated cardiac arrest. We sought to examine this issue in an animal model where a prolonged untreated VF was induced. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential mechanism of the detrimental effect of defibrillation prior to cardiopulm...

Recent studies have demonstrated that for the same chest compression force during mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the carotid artery-to-jugular vein pressure gradient and carotid blood flow are increased when the phasic rise of intrathoracic pressure is enhanced by abdominal binding and simultaneous ventilation at high airway pressure with each chest compression (SCV). The objec...

BACKGROUND Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is a life threatening situation where the first person performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) most often is a bystander without medical training. Some existing smartphone apps can call the emergency number and provide for example global positioning system (GPS) location like Hjelp 113-GPS App by the Norwegian air ambulance. We propose to extend ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine the application of the Eschmann tracheal tube introducer (ETTI) with 4 types of supraglottic airway devices (SADs) using a child-manikin. METHODS A total of 79 paramedics were asked to exchange the 4 SADs for an endotracheal tube with the ETTI in 3 different scenarios using a randomized crossover study format: normal airway without chest compres...

INTRODUCTION This is the first published report of a young girl with co-inherited sickle cell-β+ thalassemia and cystic fibrosis. Although a small subset of patients with co-inherited cystic fibrosis and other hemoglobinopathies have been reported, this patient developed early hematologic and pulmonary complications that were more severe than the previous cases. To assess pulmonary co-morbiditi...