Background: Different additive drugs such as opioids, epinephrine, clonidine, and neostigmine have been used along with local anaesthetics to improve the duration and quality of analgesia. Few studies have demonstrated the increase of efficacy in various aspects after combining dexmedetomidine and ropivacaine and dexmedetomidine to caudal bupivacaine in pediatric major abdominal cancer surgerie...

BACKGROUND Poor access to essential medicines is common in many low- and middle-income countries, partly due to an insufficient and inadequately trained workforce to manage the medicines supply chain. We conducted a prospective impact evaluation of the training and deployment of pharmacy assistants (PAs) to rural health centers in Malawi. METHODS A quasi-experimental design was used to compar...

This study explores the role of social workers in helping Williams Syndrome children integrate socially by addressing their behavioral patterns. Using a descriptive analytical approach, surveyed random sample childrens rehabilitation centers United Arab Emirates. Results revealed that exhibit childlike temperament, dependence on strangers, anxiety, ADHD, and difficulty understanding cues. The e...

BACKGROUND Despite many efforts, the etiology of autism remains unknown. Food allergy has been suggested as a pathogenic factor in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Our aim in this study was to determine whether food allergy could be considered as a risk factor for autistic children. METHODS Thirty-nine autistic children were examined by the skin prick test (SPT), and total serum IgE was evalua...

BACKGROUND This study examined the content and general readability of pediatric oral health education materials for parents of young children. METHODS Twenty-seven pediatric oral health pamphlets or brochures from commercial, government, industry, and private nonprofit sources were analyzed for general readability ("usability") according to several parameters: readability, (Flesch-Kincaid gra...