We documented one of the most species-rich assemblages of tropical rain-forest Auchenorrhyncha, comprising 402 phloemand xylem-feeding species, by sampling adults from forest vegetation. Further, we reared 106 species from larvae sampled on 14 plant species. Both xylemand phloem-feeding guilds exhibited wide host-plant ranges, as 74% of species fed on more than one plant family. In comparison, ...

carbon sequestration in soil and plant biomass is the most simple and economic way for co2 decrease that is important in environment improvement. this research was done in miankaleh region of behshahr in mazandaran for comparison of carbon sequestration in different plant types. firstly, plant types were determined and dominant species was identified in each type. number and size of plots was o...

BACKGROUND Previous cross-sectional research has suggested single cigarettes could either promote or inhibit consumption. The present study aimed to assess the effects of single cigarette availability and consumption on downstream quit behavior. METHODS We analyzed population-based, longitudinal data from adult smokers who participated in the 2008 and 2010 administrations of the International...

OBJECTIVE To assess the extent to which the prevailing model of smoking cessation (that smokers typically prepare their attempts to stop smoking in advance and that doing so increases their chances of success) is correct. DESIGN Cross sectional household survey. SETTING England. PARTICIPANTS 918 smokers who reported having made at least one quit attempt and 996 ex-smokers aged 16 and over...

This study examined the relationship between television antismoking advertisements and the proportion of smokers who call a smokers' quitline who are ready to quit or have high confidence in quitting. The primary data of interest came from completed intake interviews of smokers. Using a generalized linear model, we modeled the proportion of Quitline callers who are ready to quit and/or have hig...

introduction mites of the phytoseiidae family have been extensively studied as biological control agents of different mites and insect pests. some species also feed on nematodes, fungal spores, pollen and exudates from plants and insects. about 2,300 phytoseiid species belonging to 90 genera have been described in this family (chant and mcmurtry 2007). considerable efforts have been made in rec...

Introduction Initiating a quit attempt and achieving abstinence are distinct behaviors that have distinct correlates in general smokers. Studies predicting prenatal smoking have not addressed this. Methods Pregnant smokers (N = 207), recruited to a cessation intervention trial, were used as an observational cohort. Women completed measures at baseline and 12-week follow-up (mid-late pregnancy...