microglia cells are a subset of central nervous system (cns) macrophages. changes in the cns such as injury, or developmental events, follow by morphological and physiological changes in microglia cells. in this study organotypic brain slice cultures under serum free condition were used to investigate the morphology and lectin histochemistry of microglia and macrophages in the cns in vitro. mic...

The planktonic freshwater crustacean of the genus Daphnia are a model system for biomedical research and, in particular, invertebrate-parasite interactions. Up until now, no virus has been characterized for this system. Here we report the discovery of an iridovirus as the causative agent of White Fat Cell Disease (WFCD) in Daphnia WFCD is a highly virulent disease of Daphnia that can easily be ...

Minicells produced by Bacillus subtilis strains carrying the div IV-B1 mutation, (CU 403 div IV-B1 and CU 403 div IV-B1, tag-1), were purified by a procedure which destroys parental cells with ultrasound, but spares minicells. Such preparations generally contain 10(9) or more minicells/ml and less than 10(4) colony-forming units/ml. Purified minicells are resistant to autolysis in tris(hydroxym...

We are concerned with the compatible gauge reformulation for H(div) equations and the design of fast solvers of the resulting linear algebraic systems as in [5]. We propose an algebraic reformulation of the discrete H(div) equations along with an algebraic multigrid (AMG) technique for the reformulated problem. The reformulation uses discrete Hodge decompositions on co-chains to replace the dis...