Alcohol abuse results in an increased incidence of pulmonary infection, in part attributable to impaired mucociliary clearance. Analysis of motility in mammalian airway cilia has revealed that alcohol impacts the ciliary dynein motors by a mechanism involving altered axonemal protein phosphorylation. Given the highly conserved nature of cilia, it is likely that the mechanisms for alcohol-induce...

The embryonic skin of Xenopus tadpoles serves as an experimental model system for mucociliary epithelia (MCE) such as the human airway epithelium. MCEs are characterized by the presence of mucus-secreting goblet and multiciliated cells (MCCs). A third cell type, ion-secreting cells (ISCs), is present in the larval skin as well. Synchronized beating of MCC cilia is required for directional trans...

Despite recent progress in defining the ciliome, the genetic basis for many cases of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) remains elusive. We evaluated five children from two unrelated, consanguineous Palestinian families who had PCD with typical clinical features, reduced nasal nitric oxide concentrations, and absent dynein arms. Linkage analyses revealed a single common homozygous region on chrom...

We developed ultra-high-speed, phase-sensitive, full-field reflection interferometric confocal microscopy (FFICM) for the quantitative characterization of in vivo microscale biological motions and flows. We demonstrated 2D frame rates in excess of 1 kHz and pixel throughput rates up to 125 MHz. These fast FFICM frame rates were enabled by the use of a low spatial coherence, high-power laser sou...

In Kartagener's syndrome (KS), primary defects of the ciliary axoneme cause dyskinetic ciliary motion. Because ciliary motion is an important factor in normal ovum transport, ciliary dyskinesia may cause infertility. On the other hand, the existence of some ciliary activity, albeit abnormal, may account for fertility in some women with KS. In this case study, an infertile woman diagnosed with K...

Background Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a heterogeneous inherited disorder caused by mutations in approximately 50 cilia-related genes. PCD genotype–phenotype relationships have mostly arisen from small case series because existing statistical approaches to investigating been unsuitable for rare diseases. Methods We applied topological data analysis (TDA) approach investigate PCD. Data s...

Adaptive inverse models find applications in communication and magnetic channel equalization, recovery of digital data and adaptive linearization of sensor characteristics. In presence of outliers in the training signal, the model accuracy is severely reduced. In this paper three robust inverse models are developed by recursively minimizing robust norms using BFO based learning rule. The perfor...

The idea of this paper is to detect the cancer from the liver image. The shape features of the cancer region are measured and it will be used for further diagnosis. The threshold for image segmentation is obtained by using triclass thresholding method. In this method, based upon the threshold the regions are divided into 3 classes. The first and second classes are foreground and background regi...

Given the assertion of a relation between two types, like: “Epidermis has part some Keratinocyte”, we define silent change as any kind of change of the instance-relata of the relation in question that does not change the truth-value of the respective type-level assertion. Such assertions are notoriously difficult to model in OWL 2. To address this problem, we distinguish different modes of type...

Mechanical stimulation of the cell surface or cilia of cultured ciliated epithelial cells derived from the rabbit tracheal mucosa resulted in a transitory ciliary beat frequency increase of 20% or more. This response was composed of a lag, rise, and recovery phase. The duration of the response, but not the maximal frequency, was increased by stronger stimulation. The ability of these ciliated c...