A regulatory gene (ccaR), located within the cephamycin gene cluster of Streptomyces clavuligerus, is linked to a gene (blp) encoding a protein similar to a beta-lactamase-inhibitory protein. Expression of ccaR is required for cephamycin and clavulanic acid biosynthesis in S. clavuligerus. The ccaR-encoded protein resembles the ActII-ORF4, RedD, AfsR, and DnrI regulatory proteins of other Strep...

BACKGROUND Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae have caused major therapeutic problems worldwide since the majority are resistant to various antibiotics. In this study, an investigation was conducted regarding antibiotic-resistant patterns of 128 isolates of K pneumonile cultured from Iranian patients at two teaching hospitals during 2004-2005. MA...

Production of microbial cells Baker’s yeast, single cell protein, lactic acid bacteria Production of primary metabolites Ethanol (both in beer and wine production and for technical use), lactic acid, citric acid, acetic acid, amino acids, vitamins Production of secondary metabolites Antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, clavulanic acid, tetracycline), skikonin Production of microbial enzyme...

objective: the clavulanic acid regulatory gene (clar) is in the clavulanic acid biosynthetic gene cluster that encodes clar. this protein is a putative regulator of the late steps of clavulanic acid biosynthesis. the aim of this research is the molecular cloning of clar, isolated from the iranian strain of streptomyces clavuligerus (s. clavuligerus). materials and methods: in this experimental ...

Production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) by enterobacteria is an important resistance mechanism against antimicrobial beta-lactamics. We tested 498 bacterial strains isolated from two tertiary-care teaching hospitals for ESBL production, using screening breakpoints for aztreonam and third generation cephalosporins, according to CLSI recommendations. Among these isolates, 155 were ...

We report the case of an 18-year-old woman who was referred to our outpatient clinic because of a 2-week history of sore throat, high fever, and neck tenderness unresponsive to a 7-day amoxicillin/clavulanic acid course. Infectious mononucleosis was initially suspected, but an extremely high value of procalcitonin and clinical deterioration suggested a bacterial sepsis, prompting the patient ad...

A 48-year-old Samoan man presented to Tupua Tamasese Hospital in Apia, Samoa, with a 3-day history of abdominal pain and fever. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a liver abscess measuring cm. Despite surgical drainage and ther-7 ϫ 8 apy with intravenous amoxycillin and clavulanic acid, high intermittent fevers persisted. An a-hemolytic streptococcus was isolated from the surgical specimens. The ...

Background Co-amoxiclav, a combination antibiotic consisting of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, is one of the most commonly prescribed anti-microbial drugs. Unfortunately, human exposure is associated with liver injury and in rare cases, acute liver failure has been reported. The risk of liver injury appears be higher when amoxicillin/clavulanic acid is used in combination. Little is known abo...

Background The clavulanic acid (CLV) is nowadays frequently included in the treatment with Amoxicillin (AX). This component of the antibiotic therapy initially thought to have a low immunogenic capacity; however immediate allergic reactions to CLV have been reported in a 30% of patients allergic to AX-CLV. Basophil activation test (BAT) has shown promising results demonstrating specific recogni...