Software products do not provide consumption benefit unless a hardware product is installed in advance. In the market with this software – hardware relationship, a software producer sometimes finds that it is profitable to make its product compatible with only a certain hardware product. This incompatibility decision is considered as a vertical foreclosure. The conditions under which vertical m...

We survey four variants of RSA designed to speed up RSA decryption and signing. We only consider variants that are backwards compatible in the sense that a system using one of these variants can interoperate with systems using standard RSA.

In the face of environmental change, species can evolve new physiological tolerances to cope with altered climatic conditions or move spatially to maintain existing physiological associations with particular climates that define each species' climatic niche. When environmental change occurs over short temporal and large spatial scales, vagile species are expected to move geographically by track...

Climatic extreme events can cause the shift or disruption of plant-insect interactions due to altered plant quality, e.g. leaf carbon to nitrogen ratios, and phenology. However, the response of plant-herbivore interactions to extreme events and climatic gradients has been rarely studied, although climatic extremes will increase in frequency and intensity in the future and insect herbivores repr...

Knowledge of the relationships between environmental forcing and demographic parameters is important for predicting responses from climatic changes and to manage populations effectively. We explore the relationships between the proportion of sea cows (Dugong dugon) classified as calves and four climatic drivers (rainfall anomaly, Southern Oscillation El Niño Index [SOI], NINO 3.4 sea surface te...

admitted that this was true in the case of many of our foreign stations. Thus, the death-rate of the British soldier in India averaged (up to 1855) 69 per 1,000, the rate at home being 9 per 1,000 among men at the soldier's age. But when the causes of this high mortality were enquired into, it was found that by far the largest number of deaths were due to a few diseases of the zymotic class; so...

This work develops Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) models applied to predict the consumption forecasting considering climatic factors. It is intended to verify the influence of climatic factors on the electricity consumption forecasting through the ANN. The case study is applied in the Campinas city, Brazil. This work used Perceptron and Backpropagation ANN models. The specific goal is compari...

in order to prepare polyurethane elastomers with acceptable physical properties and good biocompatibility, novel polyurethane networks were synthesized via curing reaction of epoxy-terminated polyurethane prepolymers (eups) with hexamethylene diamine. eups were prepared from reaction of glycidol with nco-terminated polyurethanes (itps). itps were also synthesized from reaction of one equivalent...

We are limited in our ability to predict climate-change-induced range shifts by our inadequate understanding of how non-climatic factors contribute to determining range limits along putatively climatic gradients. Here, we present a unique combination of observations and experiments demonstrating that seed predation and soil properties strongly limit regeneration beyond the upper elevational ran...