Background. Effects of hemodialysis (HD) treatment on retinal thickness and macular edema are unclear. Objective. To evaluate changes in retinal thickness using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR), with and without diabetic macular edema (DME), undergoing HD. Methods. Nonrandomized prospective study. Forty eyes of DR patie...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide in patients with diffuse diabetic macular edema on the visual acuity and intraocular pressure. To report the potential adverse events and to analyze the potential relationship between age and visual acuity and intraocular pressure variability. METHODS This clinical controlled study included 14 patients (28 eyes), 14 of the...

PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of orally administered ruboxistaurin (RBX, LY333531), a selective protein kinase C beta inhibitor, on the permeability of the blood-retinal barrier in patients with diabetic macular edema. METHODS Forty-one patients with diabetic macular edema were randomly assigned to an 18-month randomized, placebo-controlled, double-masked tria...

•From baseline to week 76, 65.6% of patients gained ?15 letters.•In the treat-and-extend phase, 45.0% achieved a mean treatment interval ?8 weeks.•A last actual weeks was by 63.1% patients.•Mean BCVA 51.9 letters at and 72.3 76 (+20.3 letters).•Mean central retinal thickness decreased from 759.9 µm 265.4 (?496.1 µm). PurposeTo evaluate efficacy safety intravitreal aflibercept (IVT-AFL) dosing i...

PURPOSE To assess the efficacy of intravitreal use of triamcinolone acetonide combined with laser photocoagulation for the treatment of diffuse diabetic macular edema and to compare it with the separate use of each treatment. METHODS After systemic clinical control, thirty patients with diffuse diabetic macular edema were divided into 3 treatment groups: (1) macular grid photocoagulation; (2)...

PURPOSE To compare visual and anatomical outcomes of intravitreal injections of bevacizumab and dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex) treatment for macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent intravitreal bevacizumab administered monthly on a pro re nata (PRN) basis (26 eyes, IVB group) or an initial 700-μg dexametha...

Lipofuscin results from digestion of photoreceptor outer segments by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and is the principal compound that causes RPE fluorescence during autofluorescence imaging. Absorption of the 488-nanometer blue light by macular pigments, especially by the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin, causes normal macular hypo-autofluorescence. Fundus autofluorescence imaging is be...

PURPOSE To present the state-of-the-art of subthreshold diode laser micropulse photocoagulation (SDM) as invisible retinal phototherapy for diabetic macular edema (DME). METHOD To review the role and evolution of retinal laser treatment for DME. RESULTS Thermal laser retinal photocoagulation has been the cornerstone of treatment for diabetic macular edema for over four decades. Throughout, ...

Nowadays Diabetic retinopathy has become a common eye disease in most of the developed countries. it occurs in almost 80% of all diabetic cases and is the leading cause of blindness. Diabetic macular edema (DME) is an advanced symptom of diabetic retinopathy and can lead to irreversible vision loss. So the importance of automatic assessment of macular edema increased. In this paper we have done...