Leymus chinensis (Trin.) is the dominant vegetation type in eastern Eurasian temperate grasslands but is decreasing due to the combined pressure of reduced precipitation and overgrazing. This study evaluated the separate and combined effects of precipitation and defoliation on net primary productivity (NPP) and composition of a L. chinensis steppe to promote the sustainable development of tempe...

Regulatory mechanisms of soil respiratory carbon (C) release induced by substrates (i.e., plant derived substrates) are critical for predicting ecosystem responses to climate change, but the mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we sampled soils from a long-term field manipulative experiment and conducted a laboratory incubation to explore the role of substrate supply in regulating...

Eight patients with ruptured aneurysms during induction anaesthesia and endotracheal intubation underwent an emergency "rescue clipping" of their lesion. Three patients died. Of the five survivors three made a good final recovery, one patient was moderately disabled and one remained in coma. Conservative management of this crisis is doomed to failure but the comparatively good outcome of the op...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Endovascular coiling therapy is increasingly popular for obliteration of unruptured intracranial aneurysms, but older patients face higher procedural risks and shorter periods during which an untreated aneurysm may rupture causing subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We assessed trends in clipping and coiling of unruptured intracranial aneurysms, outcomes after clipping and coi...

OBJECTIVE The comparative effectiveness of the 2 treatment options-surgical clipping and endovascular coiling-for unruptured cerebral aneurysms remains an issue of debate and has not been studied in clinical trials. The authors investigated the association between treatment method for unruptured cerebral aneurysms and outcomes in elderly patients. METHODS The authors performed a cohort study of...

The cerebral aneurysm 'clip scissoring' phenomenon resulting from clip blade twisting is an unpredictable surgical complication. Additionally, incomplete clipping resulting from the presence of an atherosclerotic wall in the neck of the aneurysm can also cause unforeseen problems. Here, the authors present an unusual case of incomplete clipping of a large, atheromatous aneurysm resulting from c...

New algorithms for 2D line clipping against convex, non-convex windows and windows that consist of l inear edges and arcs are being presented. Algorithms were derived from the Cohen-Sutherland 's and Liang-Barsky s algorithms. The general algorithm with linear edges and arcs can be used especially for engineering drafting systems. Algorithms are easy to modify in order to deal with holes too. T...

Dog breeds are unique in their coat conformation and quality. Newfoundland dogs have a long and fine hair coat, and clipping may induce changes in newly grown hair. This study examined structural changes in the skin of Newfoundland dogs following clipping. Dogs included in the study had visible coat changes following clipping that appeared as loss of gloss, increased scaling and textural change...

BACKGROUND Treatment of anterior choroidal artery (AChA) aneurysms with endovascular coiling or surgical clipping may increase the risk of ischemic complications owing to the critical territory supplied by the AChA. We analyzed the surgical results of endovascular coiling and surgical clipping for AChA aneurysms performed in a single institution, as well as the role of indocyanine green-videoan...