BACKGROUND The inferior vena cava (IVC) parameters, including its diameter and collapsibility index have been evaluated for fluid status for over 30 years, but little is known about the impacts of patient characteristics on IVC parameters. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between individual patient characteristics and IVC parameters in healthy Chinese adult volunteers....

We show how the cosmological constant can be estimated from redshift surveys at different redshifts, using maximum-likelihood techniques. The apparent redshift-space clustering on large scales ( > ∼ 20 h−1Mpc ) are affected in the radial direction by infall, and curvature influences the apparent correlations in the transverse direction. The relative strengths of the two effects will strongly va...

We introduce a stochastic model for complex networks possessing three qualitative features: power-law degree distributions, local clustering, and slowly growing diameter. The model is mathematically natural, permits a wide variety of explicit calculations, has the desired three qualitative features, and fits the complete range of degree scaling exponents and clustering parameters.

PURPOSE To evaluate the relationship between the horizontal ciliary sulcus diameter and anterior chamber diameter measured by 35 MHz ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and the horizontal corneal diameter (white to white [WTW]) measured by scanning-slit topography and to assess the repeatability (intraexaminer difference) of the 2 methods. SETTING Department of Orthoptics and Visual Science, Kitas...

The two main characteristics of small-world networks are strong local clustering, and small diameter. These two characteristics are desirable properties in communication networks since typical communication patterns show large amounts of local communication and a small amount of non-local communication that must be completed quickly. In this paper, we study variants of broadcasting that resembl...

The study of human performance on discrete optimization problems has a considerable history that spans various disciplines. The purpose of this paper is to outline a program of study for the measurement of human performance on discrete optimization problems related to clustering of points in the two-dimensional plane. I describe possible objective criteria for clustering problems, the measureme...

The results of a search for sub-km Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) with the method of serendipitous stellar occultations are reported. Photometric time series were obtained on the 1.8m telescope at the Dominion Astrophysical Observatory (DAO) in Victoria, British Columbia, and were analyzed for the presence of occultation events. Observations were performed at 40 Hz and included a total of 5.0 star-...

Based on solid theoretical foundations, we present strong evidences that a number of reallife networks, taken from different domains like Internet measurements, biological data, web graphs, social and collaboration networks, exhibit tree-like structures from a metric point of view. We investigate few graph parameters, namely, the tree-distortion and the tree-stretch, the tree-length and the tre...

Interconnection architectures range from complete networks, that have a diameter of D= 1 but are impractical except when the number n of nodes is small, to low-cost, minimally connected ring networks whose diameter D = n/2 is unacceptable for large n. In this paper, our focus is on swapped interconnection networks that allow systematic construction of large, scalable, modular, and robust parall...