Fluorescent proteins are powerful reporters in biology, but most require O2 for chromophore maturation, making them inherently difficult to use in anaerobic bacteria. Clostridium difficile, a strict anaerobe with a genomic GC content of only 29%, is the leading cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea in developed countries, and new methods for studying this pathogen are sorely needed. We recently d...

ABSTRACTTuberculosis is an infectious disease which occurs widely in the world and becomes one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Mutations of the RpoB gene cause the resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to rifampicin that contributes to the occurrence of MDR-TB. This study aimed to determine the pattern of rpoB gene polymorphisms in the MDR M. tuberculosis in Semarang, Indonesia. Mos...

p53 tumor suppressor gene, also known as “genome guardian” is mutated in more than half of allkind of cancers. in this study we have investigated the controls of environmental ph for p53 genemutation in point of specific sequence which is prone to mutagenesis. the most probable cancerousmutations occur as point mutations in exons 5-8 of p53 gene. the 175th codon of p53 is the thirdmost mutated ...

BACKGROUND To improve efficiency in high throughput protein structure determination, we have developed a database software package, Gene Composer, which facilitates the information-rich design of protein constructs and their codon engineered synthetic gene sequences. With its modular workflow design and numerous graphical user interfaces, Gene Composer enables researchers to perform all common ...

conclusions association with sex, genotype and clinical symptoms revealed that the pre-s1 orf deletion occurred in 40% , 40%,and 20% of genotypes b,c, and d respectively, and 80% of the female population, of which all but one were diagnosed with chronic hepatitis b. additionally, several mutations were found in the bcp region with the following incidence rate; c1653 t (8.6%), a1752 g (10.8%),17...

For high-throughput production of recombinant protein in Escherichia coli (E. coli), besides important parameters such as efficient vector with strong promoter and compatible host, other important issues including codon usage, rare codons, and GC content specially at N-terminal region should be considered. In the current study, the effect of decreasing the percentage of GC nucleotides and optim...

Background: CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing holds a great promise to accelerate the development of improved crop varieties by providing a powerful tool to modify genomic regions controlling major agronomic traits. The effective deployment of this technology for crop improvement still requires further optimization of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for different applications. Here we have optimized mult...

In a wide range of genomes, it was observed that the usage of synonymous codons is biased toward specific codons and codon patterns. Factors that are implicated in the selection for codon usage include facilitation of fast and accurate translation. There are two types of translational errors: missense errors and processivity errors. There is considerable evidence in support of the hypothesis th...