Overflows play an important role in the downwelling limb of the oceanic thermohaline circulation. In light of the recognition that some overflows are not homogenous but exhibit a vertical density structure, and details of topography influence the pathways of some overflows, the impact of topographic roughness on the product property distribution is explored using the 3D non-hydrostatic spectral...

The overall objective of this paper is to retrieve soil surfaces parameters namely, roughness and soil moisture related to the dielectric constant by inverting the radar backscattered signal from natural soil surfaces. Because the classical description of roughness using statistical parameters like the correlation length doesn't lead to satisfactory results to predict radar backscattering, we u...

Although Darcy-Weisbach (D-W) equation has been accepted as a standard resistance equation in pressurized flow, some researchers and engineers still prefer to utilize Hazen-Williams (H-W) equation for analyzing water distribution networks (WDNs) in practice. The main difference between roughness coefficients of these two resistance equations is that D-W friction factor varies with Reynolds numb...

A time-series algorithm is proposed to retrieve surface (from surface down to 1 m depth) soil moisture using the simulated radar data. The time-series approach uses co-polarized (V V and HH) backscattering coefficient (σ) values. Temporal averaging is applied to reduce the radar measurement noise. To the extent that the surface roughness does not change within the time-series window, the reduct...

The study of flow and heat transfer over rotating circular disks is of great practical importance in understanding the cooling of rotatory machinery such as turbines, electric motors and design and manufacturing of computer disk drives. This paper presents an analysis of the flow and heat transfer over a heated infinite permeable rough disk. Boundary-layer approximation reduces the elliptic Nav...

[1] Hydraulic resistance of riparian forests is an unknown but important term in flood conveyance modeling. Lidar has proven to be a very important new data source to physically characterize floodplain vegetation. This research outlines a recent campaign that aims to retrieve vegetation fluid resistance terms from airborne laser scanning to parameterize trunk roughness. Information on crown cha...

The relation between the equivalent roughness and different grain size percentiles of the sediment in gravel-bed rivers was determined under the hypothesis that the vertical distribution of the flow velocity follows a logarithmic law. A set of 954 data points was selected from rivers with gravel size sediment or larger, with a non-sinuous alignment and free of vegetation or obstacles. According...

Stick-slip friction was observed in articular cartilage under certain loading and sliding conditions and systematically studied. Using the Surface Forces Apparatus, we show that stick-slip friction can induce permanent morphological changes (a change in the roughness indicative of wear/damage) in cartilage surfaces, even under mild loading and sliding conditions. The different load and speed re...

We present an efficient computational method to model fluid flow in the presence of random wall roughness. A random flow domain is represented by a stochastic indicator function having a smoothed profile perpendicular to roughness, and the random domain is discretized with a fixed non-conformal grid. This procedure introduces a stochastic force into the Navier–Stokes equations, and modifies the...