It is known that the pathological course of pregnancy associated with a disturbance in interdependent “mother-fetus” complex and leads to specific clinical consequences at molecular-cellular, tissue, organ, organismal population levels organization. In case violation placentation (placental barrier), state immune conflict occurs, characterized by an antigen-antibody reaction, carried out throug...

The self-defense argument maintains that, even if a fetus is person, (pre-viable) abortion on demand morally permissible the grounds that using his mother’s body in an intimate way, and, unwanted pregnancy, without her ongoing consent. According to argument, this sort of use justifies lethal part mother against fetus. I produce counterexample one premises and show it cannot be successfully revi...

background: methamphetamine (ma) is one of most common illicit drugs which were reported that nearly half of ma consumers are women. ma can cross through placenta and affects pregnancy and fetus development. objective: our aim was to evaluate effects of injected ma on crown-rump length, head and placental circumference, body weight, histological changes and apoptosis in fetus. materials and met...

miconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent, commonly applied topically to the skin or mucous membranes. the aim of this study was to examine the alternative method for gaining mechanism or the bimolecular changes caused by the possible teratogenic effects of miconazole on mice fetus brain tissue using ftir-microspectroscopy. the mice were injected with miconazole (60 mg/kg) on gestation day 9....

we present unusual retained remnants of hidden conjoined twin of possible abdominal pagus after 21 years who presented with abdomenpain and incidentally have found his forbidden conjoined twin. he presented for many years with a palpable epigastric mass, and recent abdominal pain, early satiety, nausea and vomiting. the mass was a like deformed fetus weighing 815 gr who was anencephalic and dep...

objective: a secondary ectopic pregnancy is defined as continuing development of a fetus in the abdominal cavity after rupture of the uterine wall, which may be associated with a history of trauma. methods: a cat was referred to the veterinary teaching hospital of the university of tehran with history of anorexia and vaginal bleeding. in clinical examination some masses werepalpated in abdomina...

background evaluation of the cerebellum and vermis is one of the integral parts of the fetal cranial anomaly screening. objectives the aim of this study was to create a nomogram for fetal vermis measurements between 17 and 30 gestational weeks. patients and methods this prospective study was conducted on 171 volunteer pregnant women between march 2013 and december 2014. measurements of the feta...

in previous years, identification of fetal cells in maternal blood circulation has caused a new revolution in non-invasive method of prenatal diagnosis. low number of fetal cells in maternal blood and long-term survival after pregnancy limited the use of fetal cells in diagnostic and clinical applications. with the discovery of cell-free fetal dna (cffdna) in plasma of pregnant women, access to...