OBJECTIVES (1) To evaluate the intraobserver agreement related to image interpretation and (2) to compare the accuracy of 100%, 200% and 400% zoomed digital images in the detection of simulated periodontal bone defects. METHODS Periodontal bone defects were created in 60 pig hemi-mandibles with slow-speed burs 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm and 3.0 mm in diameter. 180 standardized digital rad...

BACKGROUND The objective of this investigation was to determine the inter- and intraobserver agreement when assessing embryo quality. METHODS This investigation included 4002 cleaved embryos from 7535 oocytes retrieved in 688 patients undergoing IVF cycles in a multicentre trial. Embryos were evaluated locally at the inverted microscope at 28, 44 and 68 h (+/-1 h) post-insemination. Digital i...

BACKGROUND In medical imaging used for planning of radiation therapy, observers delineate contours of a treatment volume in a series of images of uniform slice thickness. OBJECTIVE To summarize agreement in contouring between an arbitrary number of observers by a single number, we generalized the kappa index proposed by Zijdenbos et al. (1994). METHODS Observers characterized voxels by allo...

BACKGROUND The objectives of this study were to assess the accuracy of cause-of-death coding, determine the extent to which coders follow the selection rules of coding set out in the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision (ICD-9), and the effects of miscoding on mortality statistics in Taiwan. METHOD A systematic sample of 5621 death certificates was reviewed. The underlying c...

Histopathology has been suggested as a reliable method for tumour reduction evaluation of preoperatively treated breast cancer. Immunocytochemistry can be used to enhance the visibility of residual tumour cellularity and in the evaluation of its proliferative activity. We compared Image Analysis (IA) with Light Microscopy Analysis (LMA) on sections of breast carcinomas treated with preoperative...

BACKGROUND In the course of setting up the National Mesothelioma Surveillance Program (PNSM), established in France in 1998, the question arose as to the most suitable method of assessing occupational exposure. The aim of this study was to define the most suitable rating method for assessing occupational asbestos exposure in order to assess medico-social care. METHOD The study included 100 su...

: This study aims to develop a peace guidebook as medium for school counselors in reducing student aggressiveness. The research employed and development design proposed by Borg Gall model, which includes identifying aggressive needs problems, drafting hypothetical product, expert user assessment of the product. data analysis technique used descriptive describe level In addition, this uses Cohen...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Four-dimensional contrast-enhanced MR angiography (4D-CE-MRA) at 3T may replace digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for certain diagnostic purposes in patients with intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF). The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that 4D-CE-MRA at 3T enables the same characterization of intracranial DAVFs as DSA. MATERIALS AND METHODS ...

Although the κ statistic has been used widely as an indicator of rater agreement, there have been some concerns about the existence of different definitions and some peculiar results involving skewed data. This note evaluates different definitions of κ and also demonstrates that the problem with directly comparing κ values, especially for skewed data, can be avoided by comparing their significa...

Introduction Lung auscultation is helpful in the diagnosis of lung and heart diseases; however, the diagnostic value of lung sounds may be questioned due to interobserver variation. This situation may also impair clinical research in this area to generate evidence-based knowledge about the role that chest auscultation has in a modern clinical setting. The recording and visual display of lung so...