We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with and without 22q11 deletion undergoing surgery for pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and major aortopulmonary collaterals between January 2004 and August 2009 at our institutions. Information was collected on collateral origin, arch sidedness, presence of central pulmonary arteries, and presence of an aberrant subclavian vesse...

Occlusion of the main arterial route redirects blood flow to the collateral circulation. We previously reported that macrophages genetically modified to express low levels of prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 2 (PHD2) display an arteriogenic phenotype, which promotes the formation of collateral vessels and protects the skeletal muscle from ischaemic necrosis. However, the molecular mechanisms u...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE the effectiveness of different treatments for internal carotid artery (ICA) dissection has not been well defined. Lack of early prognostic indicators may represent a major problem in adequately identifying the most appropriate option for treatment. This study aimed at evaluating the influence of patients' vascular risk profiles and of early cerebral hemodynamic changes in...

The coronary arteries have been regarded as end-arteries for a long time. Functionally, they are end-arteries in most cases indeed. However, there are interconnecting collateral channels between the large epicardial arteries which are sufficient to prevent myocardial ischemia during an acute vessel occlusion in about 1/4 to 1/3 of patients [1]. There are even very impressive rare examples of pa...

Arteriogenesis has been associated with the presence of monocytes/macrophages within the collateral vessel wall. Here we tested the hypothesis that arteriogenesis is functionally linked to the concentration of circulating blood monocytes. Monocyte concentrations in peripheral blood were manipulated by single injections of the antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resulting in a marked rebound ef...

OBJECTIVE AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy and redox sensor, is activated in response to various cellular stresses, including hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, oxidative stress, and fluid shear stress at the site of vessel blockade. The activation of AMPK is involved in angiogenesis. However, it is unknown whether AMPK can influence arteriogenesis. Here, we demonstrate the contributi...

Objectives: To determine the influence of diabetes mellitus on coronary collateral flow by accurate means of collateral flow measurement in a large population with variable degrees of coronary artery disease. Methods: 200 patients (mean (SD) age 64 (9) years; 100 diabetic and 100 non-diabetic) were enrolled in the study. Coronary collateral flow was assessed in 174 stenotic and in 26 angiograph...

OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to assess the influence of collateral function, coronary hemodynamics, and the angiographic result on the risk of target vessel failure (TVF) after recanalization of a chronic total coronary occlusion (CTO). BACKGROUND Collaterals may have an adverse effect on TVF. METHODS In 111 consecutive patients, a CTO (duration >2 weeks) was successfully recanaliz...

The coronary collateral circulation is an alternative source of blood supply to the myocardium jeopardized by the failure of the original stenotic or occluded vessel to provide adequate blood flow to this region. One hundred coronary angiograms and left ventriculograms of patients with coronary artery disease from the Cardiology Department of University Clinics Centre in Sarajevo were reviewed....

OBJECTIVES To determine the influence of diabetes mellitus on coronary collateral flow by accurate means of collateral flow measurement in a large population with variable degrees of coronary artery disease. METHODS 200 patients (mean (SD) age 64 (9) years; 100 diabetic and 100 non-diabetic) were enrolled in the study. Coronary collateral flow was assessed in 174 stenotic and in 26 angiograph...