Waste heat to power (WHP) is the process of capturing heat discarded by an existing industrial process and using that heat to generate power (see Figure 1). Energyintensive industrial processes—such as those occurring at refineries, steel mills, glass furnaces, and cement kilns—all release hot exhaust gases and waste streams that can be harnessed with wellestablished technologies to generate el...

The present study investigated the effect of distilled-water/ silver nanofluid on heat transfer in a closed cooling system of one of the electrical energy generation units at Isfahan power plant. The difference between this study and previous researches refers to silver properties which have a high thermal conductivity and is non-toxic, hydrophilic and eco-friendly. Distilled water/ silver ...

This paper proposes per unit coding for combined economic emission load dispatch problem. In the proposed coding, it is possible to apply the percent effects of elements in any number and with high accuracy in objective function. In the proposed per unit coding, each function is transformed into per unit form based on its own maximum value and has a value from 0 to 1. In this paper, particle sw...