A 43-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with complaints of recurrent frequency and lower abdominal discomfort. Her past history was notable for recurrent acute cystitis. Urinalysis showed normal findings. Intravenous urography revealed bilateral ureteric duplication. The right side was shown as partial ureteric duplication, while left side was complete ureteric duplication demonstratin...

To systematically estimate the gene duplication events in closely related species, we have to use comparative genomic approaches, either through genomic sequence comparison or comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). Given the scarcity of complete genomic sequences of plant species, in the present study we adopted an array based CGH to investigate gene duplications in the genus Arabidopsis. Fra...

Abstract Several implicit methods to infer horizontal gene transfer (HGT) focus on pairs of genes that have diverged only after the divergence two species in which reside. This situation defines edge set a graph, later-divergence-time (LDT) whose vertices correspond colored by their species. We investigate these graphs setting relaxed scenarios, i.e., evolutionary scenarios encompass all common...

This report presents a case of a combined infected rectal duplication cyst (RDC) associated incidentally with a meningomyelocele in and adult female documented with sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A comprehensive differential diagnosis is presented. Surgical excision is recommended to prevent malignant degeneration of the RDC. CASE PRESENTATION An 18 year-old female presented with pe...

The segmental duplication has long been known to be a major mechanism for genome growth and evolution. Beyond that, the large-scale genomic duplication is important in the evolution of species. Recent studies have spotted occurrence of whole-genome duplication provided great insight into many aspects of biology. In this work we investigate possible association of inverse symmetry with whole-gen...

Pathogen resistance genes represent some of the most abundant and diverse gene families found within plant genomes. However, evolutionary mechanisms generating resistance gene diversity at the genome level are not well understood. We used the complete Arabidopsis thaliana genome sequence to show that most duplication of individual NBS-LRR sequences occurs at close physical proximity to the pare...

Enteric duplication is rare in dogs. Here, we report the rarest form of duplication in which two segments are parallel and share a wall for most of their lengths. A nine-year-old spayed female Yorkshire terrier was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital at Gyeongsang National University due to anorexia and diarrhoea. Physical examination, haematological examination, radiography, a...

duplication of inferior vena cava (ivc) is a rare fi nding in radiologic studies and its coincidence with thrombosis is even rarer. here we described a rare case with duplication of ivc and symptomatic venous thrombosis of her lower extrimity.

Ureteral duplication associated with ectopic ureteral insertion is a rare congenital anomaly clinically more common in females. Early urinary incontinence the main symptom of ectopy first childhood these patients. Contrast computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are most effective methods to rule out or confirm diagnosis duplication. In cases where significant surgical functions perf...

Carbamoylphosphate synthetase (CPS) catalyzes the first committed step in pyrimidine biosynthesis, arginine biosynthesis, or the urea cycle. Organisms may contain either one generalized or two specific CPS enzymes, and these enzymes may be heterodimeric (encoded by linked or unlinked genes), monomeric, or part of a multifunctional protein. In order to help elucidate the evolution of CPS, we hav...